A Nezv Hepatic. 247 



I am indebted to the late Dr. Carrington for assistance in 

 the preparation of this paper. 



DESCRIPTION OF PIRATE 6. 

 Fig i. riant natural size. 2. Portion of stem, antical view X 24 (Kil- 

 larney, Dr. Moore). 3. Cross section of stem x 85 (ditto). 4-6. Leaves 

 X 64 (ditto). 7. Branch leaf by 85 (Killarney, R. Scully). 8. Portion of 

 leaf x 290 (Killarney, Dr. Moore). 9. Portion of segment of leaf x 290 

 (ditto). 10, 11. Bracts x 31 (ditto). 12, 13. Bracteoles X 31 (ditto). 14. 

 Portion of the mouth of an immature perianth x 31 (ditto). 15. Portion 

 of male stem, antical view x 31 (Killarney, R. Scully). 16. Perigonial 

 bract x 85 (ditto). 



THE IRISH FIELD CLUBS. 



BY R. LLOYD PRAEGER, B.E., 

 Secretary, Dublin Nat. Field Club; Ex-Secretary, Belfast Nat. Field Club. 



III. — The Cork and Limerick Naturalists' Field Clubs. 



We now come to deal with the two Field Clubs which have 

 recently been founded in the South of Ireland, and I take the 

 earliest opportunity of acknowledging my indebtedness to 

 their Secretaries, Mr. J. L. Copeman of Cork, and Mr. Francis 

 Neale of Limerick, for the full information respecting their 

 Clubs which they kindly placed at my disposal for the pur- 

 poses of the present memoir. The history of these Societies 

 is short, when compared with that of the Belfast Club, or 

 even w r ith that of the Field Club of Dublin — three and two 

 years respectively, compared with thirty-two and eight years, 

 and the exigencies of space demand that the present notice of 

 them should be correspondingly brief. Not that we consider 

 these young Societies one whit less important than the elder 

 brethren in Ireland ; their foundation is one of the most 

 interesting events in the recent history of Irish science, 

 more especially when the proximity of their head-quarters 

 to that surpassingly attractive biological region, the extreme 

 south-west, is considered. Irish naturalists should not only 

 wish these Clubs every success, but, in the interests of Irish 

 science, they should endeavour to ensure that success by 

 whatever means lie in their power. 



The foundation of the Cork Naturalists' Field Club is to be 

 ascribed to one who still appropriately holds the office of 



A 2 



