502 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



Pringsheims Jahrbiicher fiir wissenschaftlicher Botanik. After the 

 death of Pringsheim, this was issued for several years under the joint 

 editorship of Pfeffer and his distinguished colleague, Strasburger. 



Shortly before the outbreak of the war Pfeffer's old students were 

 invited to contribute to a "Festschrift" to celebrate the fiftieth 

 anniversary of his doctorate and his seventieth birthday. The volume 

 appeared in 1915, but the circumstances of the war resulted in the 

 absence of many names which under normal conditions would cer- 

 tainly have appeared in it. 



Pfeffer survived the horrors of the Great War, in which he lost his 

 only son, and saw the collapse of the great German empire, in whose 

 upbuilding he and his scientific colleagues played such an important 

 role. He had the satisfaction, however, of knowing that their work 

 would survive the downfall of the imperial government and that his 

 name will always rank high in the annals of science. 



Douglas Houghton Campbell. 

 EDWARD CHARLES PICKERING (1846-1919). 



Fellow in Class I, Section 1, 1867. 



In the death of Edward Charles Pickering after a service of forty- 

 two years as Director of the Harvard College Observatory, the Ameri- 

 can Academy loses an interested and important Fellow and the Science 

 of Astronomy one who was at his death the dean of astronomical 

 research in America. 



He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, July 19, 1846, of a distin- 

 guished and highly cultivated New England family. In 1865, he 

 graduated from the Lawrence Scientific School with the degree of S.B. 

 He was immediately thereupon appointed instructor in mathematics 

 in that institution, but the following year he became assistant in- 

 structor in Physics in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and 

 two years after was made Thayer Professor of Physics. 



From the very outset of his teaching his peculiar bent of mind was 

 revealed and the work of research and organization which constituted 

 his great contribution to modern science was begun. 



He planned and put into practical shape for use in systematic class 

 instruction the experimental laboratory method in the teaching of 



