THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 103 



inch long, black and with black spines and bristles, as the regulars were at 

 their second moult, these are smaller, .22 inch in length, and russet in color, 

 body, spines and bristles. After the moult, either not having fed at all, or 

 but little, they gather in a cluster on a leaf or on the cover of the glass in 

 which they are kept, and within twenty-four hours shrink to the length of 

 .16 inch, and are broader in proportion than at first after the moult. This 

 shrinking brings the bristles together so that the appearance is that of a 

 brush, none of the skin being visible except under a magnifyer. In the 

 second brood of the season from egg, the hybernators are about as 2 to 

 1, and in the last brood of the year all hybernate. 



Immediately after arousing from lethargy in the spring the larvae pre- 

 pare for a moult, and this takes place either before any food has been 

 eaten, or very little. On moving, the larva resumes its normal shape, 

 becoming narrower and longer than when asleep, but still only .20 inch 

 long. After the moult it is .22 inch, very nearly or quite what it was 

 when the second moult took place in the fall. Color now black-brown, 

 and the resemblance is close to the summer larvae at second moult. Fol- 

 lowing a single larva in its changes, the second moult after hybernation 

 took place 14 days after the first ; length now .40 inch, and color and 

 markings as in third summer moult. The next and last moult, or third 

 after hybernation, took place four days after the preceding one, the weather 

 having suddenly turned warm ; length .60 inch. Eight days after the 

 larva was in chrysalis. The mature larva measured one inch and resem- 

 bled in all respects the summer larva at same stage. Other larvae varied 

 much in all their stages, as I shall presently show. 



Chrysalis — Length .6, greatest breadth .18 inch. Similar in shape 

 to Phaeton ; cylindrical ; abdomen stout, mesonotum rounded, moderately 

 prominent, the intervening depression slight ; head-case short, narrow, 

 nearly square at top ; on abdomen five rows of conical tubercles, two of 

 them extending to mesonotum ; the coloration varies extremely ; some 

 examples are wholly greenish-yellow, others pink-brown, others gray- 

 brown ; and usually in these there are but few dark markings, some 

 patches of brown about head-case and mesonotum, and on wing-cases ; 

 the latter showing two parallel rows of brown dots along hind margins ; 

 the tubercles orange, each having a brown spot on its anterior side; others 

 are brown streaked and spotted with black, and perhaps with more or less 

 sordid white \ and many, especially of the summer broods, are very 



