L> THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



which have hitherto been unrecorded, and have also added a more minute 

 description of this interesting moth. The accompanying lithograph repre- 

 sents the insect in its different stages, life size. This season (1878) 

 beautiful specimens of both sexes were obtained during the month 

 of June, from which our illustrations were made by Paul Riemann, a 

 naturalist and artist. During 1877 the majority of examples obtained 

 were females ; during 1878 the reverse was the case, as males largely pre- 

 dominated. 



It was ascertained that the time for the Cossus to emerge was from 

 dark to early morning, or between the time of the setting and rising of the 

 sun. Every day the empty cases were removed, and by counting them it 

 was known how many to expect to find, which aided the collector much. 

 As might be expected from the aborted tongue, this Cossus 

 is not attracted by sugar. The trunks of the trees from which they 

 emerged, as well as neighboring trees, were sugared extensively 

 during the time of their appearance, but not one came to taste the bait. 

 During this process, in examining the sugared patches, the light from the 

 bulls-eye lantern was thrown repeatedly upon the surface of the Poplar 

 trees, and several were observed at different times in the act of emerging. 

 Just before the final transformation the pupa renews its efforts and 

 pushes itself through the thin bark that has been allowed to remain by 

 the larva. It pushes itself through the opening as far as the base of the 

 abdomen, when, after a while, the exposed pupal skin becomes dry and 

 splits, and the moth escapes, climbing up the bark of the tree, shaking 

 out its wings until developed. The moths usually select the end of a 

 dead and broken limb or protuberance of the roughened bark to rest 

 upon, which their color so closely resembles that it is exceedingly difficult 

 to discover their whereabouts. 



The empty pupa skins remain at the entrance of the tunnel. The 

 moth itself at first is rather sluggish, and can be captured readily on the 

 bark of the tree in which it has passed its immature state. The moth is very 

 liable to "grease," consequently it is advisable to let it thoroughly dry 

 before capturing and pinning. The cavity of the abdomen should be 

 stuffed, and a few drops of benzole previously put in the cavity or placed 

 upon the material used as stuffing. 



The chrysalids vary much in size, some of which are infested by an 

 ichneumon fly, which preys on the caterpillar. A pupa was observed 

 endeavoring to make its way to the surface of the bark, but seemingly unable 



