32 



THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



point, which emits a white bristle; color of body white; over the surface scat- 

 tering white hairs. In a few days, and during this stage, the color changes 

 to whitish-green and stripes appear, green and white alternating from dor- 

 sum to feet ; head sub-pyriform, one-half broader than 2nd segment, 

 broader than high, flattened frontally, and Avith a slight angular depression 

 at summit ; on each vertex a straight, round, divergent horn, thick at base, 

 pointed at top ; the horn when magnified is seen to be in three sec- 

 tions, each smaller than the one below it, giving out at the end one or 

 two bristles : color of head and horns blackish-brown (figs, a, a 2 ). 

 Duration of this stage in August 6 days, in October 9, in April 6. 



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EXPLANATION of CUT.— a, young larva of Gemma magnified ; a" 2 , head 

 of same; b, mature larva magnified; b-, head of same; c, chrysalis. 



AFTER FIRST MOULT— Length .iS inch ; thicker in middle seg- 

 ments than at last stage, and tapering posteriorly more rapidly ; the tails 

 longer, more slender, brown-tipped ; each segment several times creased, 

 and upon the summit of each ridge so caused is a row of white tubercles, 

 each with a short white hair ; color dark green, banded and striped longi- 

 tudinally with white ; on middle of dorsum a dark green band edged on 

 either side with pale green, and next, on the extreme part of dorsal area, 

 a white stripe ; a similar stripe over feet, and between these on middle of 

 side are two white lines contiguous ; under side bluish-green ; legs and 

 feet green ; head sub-pyriform, higher in proportion than at first stage, the 

 top excavated roundly ; on each vertex a long, tapering, divergent horn, 

 slightly curved forward, the length being about equal to length of face ; 

 color of head brown, pale in front and green-tinted ; from base of each 

 horn a dark stripe passes down the side, and in front is a second stripe ; 

 horns dark brown. Duration of this stage in August 5 days, in October 

 10, in May 7. 



AFTER SECOND MOULT.— Length .34 inch ; shape as at last 

 stage, the tails longer in proportion ; color pale green, striped as before ; 



