192 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION 



which they were not designed. All appropriations should be made 

 for the purpose of promoting original research and not for education 

 as it is commonly understood. 



This committee is an Advisory Committee on Engineering. The 

 greater part of an engineer's w'ork is actual designing and execu- 

 tion. Neither of these is properly a subject for consideration or aid 

 by the Carnegie Institution. Investigation and research which will 

 aid engineers in the preparation and execution of their designs are 

 proper functions of the Institution. Sanitary engineering must be 

 based very largely on biological and other studies which properly 

 come under other committees. The same may be said of mining 

 engineering, the researches for which are largely geological and 

 metallurgical. The specific lines of investigation and research 

 which are left to this committee relate to the general subjects of 

 energy and material. 



The fields of scientific research in engineering are open to almost 

 every departm.ent of science and include as their main divisions : 



1. The physical characteristics of materials of construction, as 

 cohesion, ductility, elastic limits, moduli of elasticity, their temper- 

 atures of fusion, volatilization, ignition, and decomposition. 



2. Chemical composition, conditions of analysis and synthesis, 

 methods of reduction of metals, of purification, of perfection in 

 attainment of desired properties, etc. 



3. Studies of methods and processes of production of the materials 

 of engineering, and of manufacture, involving the employment of 

 every art of the chemist. and of the physicist. 



4. Investigations of the work of the engineer in applied energetics 

 and thermodynamics, including the character and value of fuel as a 

 source of energy, its combustion, the transfer and storage of result- 

 ant energy in the working fluid employed in the engine, the nature 

 and method of waste in the production and transfer of that energy, 

 the process of energy — transformation in the heat engine — and simi- 

 lar studies in electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic energy utilization. 



5. Research relating to the production of waste energy produced 

 by friction. 



6. Investigations of the class of those of Langley and Very on the 

 relative efficiency of light producers, as of the fire fly and the candle 

 or the electric light, determining the method of production and util- 

 ization of energy in the form of light. 



7. Production of electricity from the potential energy of fuels 

 without iiidirect transformation wastes. The process sought to be 



