272 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



carneo-lutea (Turn.) the innate disk is enclosed by a thin, thalline veil 

 or exciple, which bursts as the mature apothecium emerges, and finally 

 for the most part disappears. The lichen differs from the European, 

 in being only one third of the size, in its higher-colored apothecia, and 

 smaller, bilocular spores, passing only iri-egularly into 3 - 4-locular 

 conditions. The spores of G. carneo-lutea are commonly quadri- 

 locular, but pass irregularly and imperfectly into 5 - 6-locular states. 

 The thalline veil is by no means peculiar to these species, being suffi- 

 ciently obvious in G. foveolaris and G. geoica, as indicated by Th. 

 Fries, and assuming the character of a genuine thalline exciple in G. 

 rubra ; and it is taken, and with reason as it appears to me, into his 

 definition of the genus, by Dr. Fries (Lich. Arct. p. 137 ; Gen. Het. 

 p. 73.) 



Lecidea (Biatora) parvifolia, Pers. : thallo squamuloso-micro- 

 phyllo e viridi-glaucescente fuscescente squamulis subcartilagineis 

 imbricatis crenato-incisis laciniatisve hypothallo demum fusco-nigro ; 

 apotheciis plano-convexis mox prolifero-difformibus, margine obtuso 

 tenuescente dein evanido, varie fuscescentibus rufo-fuscis denigratisque. 

 Sp. in thecis clavatis sub-octonce, incolores, simplices, ex ellipsoideo 

 oblongce, diam. e 2° dein 4-6° rarius 8° longiores. Lecidea parvifolia, 

 Pers. in Gaudich. Bot. Uran. p. 192. Biatora, Mont. Prodr. Fl. 

 Fernand. Parmelia (Psoroma), Mont. PI. Cell. Cub. p. 214, t. 10, f. 3. 

 The lichen appears to be common throughout the tropical regions of 

 the earth, and reaches northward in America as far as the low country 

 of Carolina. It is variable in the development and differentiation of 

 the thallus and hypothallus, in the colors, and in the dimension^f the 

 spores. The forms which follow are those collected in Cuba by Mr. 

 Wright ; and after a good deal of labor, lately repeated, I find it im- 

 possible to separate any of them from the type indicated by Persoon. 

 Specimens of several of these were sent, before pubHcation, to Dr. 

 Nylander, in Paris, and this eminent lichenographer has since pub- 

 lished his own determinations of the same, which will be cited below. 



a. Sporre majores magis elongatte. (Wright. Lich. Cub. n. 179.) 

 L. longiicscida, Nyl. in Prodi-. Fl. N. Granat. in Ann. Sci. Nat. The 

 larger specunen is remarkable, in the younger portions, for its white 

 hypothallus ; the squamules are also much divided, and the apothecia 

 (not appressed as is more common in other conditions, especially where 

 the thallus is less developed, but sessile on the ascending lobes) are 

 especially perfect and well-bordered. The smaller specimen is a sub- 



