484 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



of copper, thorough fusion in the outer flame, and refrigeration of the 

 bead. 



With microcosraic salt, crystals are formed, in the intermittent flame, 

 which I am inclined to regard as flattened octohedrons. 



Cadmium. — With borax, in the intermittent flame, oxide of cad- 

 mium gives crystals much like those of zinc and magnesia, except that 

 the tendency to a stellar arrangement is more marked than with either 

 of the last-mentioned substances. In the reducing flame, oxide of 

 copper being previously added, the precipitate is similar to that ob- 

 served with zinc, but not so brassy, and bordered, moreover, on the edge 

 from the flame, by iridescent bands, which I have not observed with 

 zinc. 



In microcosmic salt, it crystallizes in rectangles, one diameter being 

 two or three times greater than the other. The crystals are quite 

 minute, and, generally, transparent. 



Lead. — With borax, and treated in the intermittent flame, litharge 

 gives a precipitate consisting of microscopically minute spheres, darker 

 than the globules mentioned as occurring with some of the earths ; and 

 associated with which I have noticed a few prismatic crystals, so small 

 as to be scarcely distinguishable, even when magnified four hundred 

 diameters. Slightly heated in the reducing flame, a dark -gray, lustre- 

 less, amorphous precipitate appears on the surface of the bead. 



With microcosmic salt, the phenomena, with the intermittent flame, 

 are much the same as when borax is employed, except that, in most 

 instances, the precipitate is crystalline rather than globular. 



Bismuth. — Oxide of bismuth does not crystallize, in the intermittent 

 flame, with borax, but yields globules like those of lead. Touched 

 with the reducing flame, I have observed a slight, amorphous precipi- 

 tate on the surface of the glass ; but not nearly so dark, or distinct, 

 as that of lead. With litharge, a partially metallic precipitate is ob- 

 tained. With oxide of copper, the precipitate resembles that of zinc, 

 though, perhaps, somewhat less lustrous. 



With microcosmic salt, it crystallizes in very small, square, trans- 

 parent disks, when treated in the intermittent flame. A considerable 

 number of globules, like those observed in the borax beads, accom- 

 pany the crystals. 



Antimony. — In borax, teroxide of antimony yields no precipitate, 

 either with the intermittent or reducing flame, although they both pro- 

 duce a peculiar corrugation on the surface of the glass. Addition of 



