148 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOtirST. 



the forms of which examples are under view ; and where they do appear 

 seem rather to be exceptional, the rule being against the spots ; thus, 

 Of Colorado, T male, i female have spotted fringes, 3 males, 5 females, not. 

 " Nevada, none n n n 6 n 6 m n 



11 Manitoba, 2 females m w h 5 n u 



II Columbia, none 'i n n 6 m i n n 



II Idaho, " II II ^^ Z ^^ Z " " 



This last, Idaho, I describe as folloAvs : Upper side of both sexes like 

 the palest, or most yellow-fulvous, examples of Colorado. Under side 

 yellow, or gray-yellow (Colorado is described by Mr. Scudder as from 

 olivaceous to griseous-green) ; the spots white, and as in Colorado. This 

 form comes from Oregon, Washington Terr, and California. I consider 

 that it may properly be called a variety of Colorado. 



The occasional presence of the fringe spots in the American forms 

 of this group may be sufficiently accounted for on the theory that the 

 European, Asiatic and American forms are of co-ordinate value, and 

 inherited these spots from their common ancestor. In the American they 

 have disappeared, but occasionally the character is recovered by reversion. 

 Mr. Scudder's types are distinct enough, in case of Manitoba, Colorado 

 and Nevada, and I think we shall have to consider them as so many 

 species. As they are not varieties of Comma they can stand alone. Dr. 

 Speyer notices that in all these forms the two sexes seem to differ much 

 more strongly than in Comma, " which shows scarcely any recognizable 

 difference between the sexes, except that in the female the spots are usually 

 larger than in the male." Certainly that is a strong point also \ and I find 

 the differences spoken of to be constant. 



4. As to Columbia, etc., later called by the same author Sylvanoides 

 Bd. (It was, however. Son or a Sc. which Boisdiival had named Sylvanoides.) 



Of this form, I have 7 males, i female, and one male and the female 

 bear Mr. Scudder's own label, and this female was the one submitted to 

 Dr. Speyer. Mr. Scudder points out two characters by which Columbia 

 may lie identified. i. The patch of brown on lower side the stigma in 

 male. 2. A quadrate transparent spot in the lower median interspace of 

 fore wing of female, and a partially transparent triangular patch next 

 above this. And adds : " These are not given with sufficient distinctness 

 on the plate." On the plate is a white space in each of these patches, 

 which so far represents the transparency, I supjiose. 



