42 



THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



this variety, which does not occur at all in Europe, Mr. Scudder has given 

 F[ s- 9 - the name of Novatigliae, from the first 



observed specimens having been found 

 in the New England States. Dr. Fitch 

 gives it as his opinion that this colour 

 is produced by seclusion from light 

 (13th Report, p. 559), but we should 

 think it much more probably caused 

 by peculiarity of food. Mr. Caulfield, 

 of Montreal, (C. E., iv., p. 203,) is stated indeed to have found the yellow 

 colour displayed when the larvae had been fed upon mignonette. We 

 must await fuller observations, however, before we can feel justified in 

 adopting any particular theory upon the subject. 



The larva (Fig. to, a) of this Butterfly is, when full grown, of a pale 

 green colour, finely dotted with black, with a yellowish dorsal stripe, and 

 a series of small yellow spots forming a stripe along each side ; its length 

 is about an inch and a quarter. It feeds, like P. oleracea, upon various 

 species of cruciferous plants, especially upon the cabbage, to which it is 

 most destructive. In this case it bores down, when feeding, into the very 

 heart of the plant and thus renders the vegetable quite unfit for food. It 

 forms its chrysalis (Fig. 10, b) in the same kinds of situations and in a 

 similar manner to the preceding species. In this state it remains, in 

 summer, for from a week to a fortnight, but in the autumn it continues as 

 a pupa until the following spring. There are at least two, 

 perhaps three, broods in the year. 



The ravages of this insect in Northern America are 

 beginning to be somewhat checked by a parasite 

 (Ptcromalus puf>arum, Linn.) ; it belongs to the ichneu- 

 mon family, and is a four-winged fly, about one-eighth 

 of an inch long, with a golden-hued body and a bright 

 green head. 



The remaining species of Pieris found in Canada — 

 the Southern Cabbage Butterfly {Pieris protodice, Boisd.) 

 — is quite a rarity with us, though oftentimes very 

 abundant in the western and more southern States. Last August we found 

 it to be the commonest butterfly about Chicago and through the States of 

 Illinois and Iowa. Like the other two species, it is white with black 

 markings ; the accompanying illustrations so well represent the butterfly 



