120 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 



went down the Illinois River, tons of them starved to death, and 

 the brush and trees are covered now with their pupas like the 

 enclosed. They seemed to care for nothing to speak of but grease- 

 wood and lilac, but did eat some on willows, ferns, currant bushes, 

 and very few young apples were gnawed by them like the sample 

 enclosed. I think the enclosed samples will tell you a true story 

 of what they did." 



He also wrote us farther, under date of July 23 — this time 

 including pupae of the insect and also specimens of some parasites. 

 The butterfly accompanying this letter was determined by Dr. 

 Dyar as belonging to the species under consideration. The 

 hymenopterous parasites accompanying this letter were determined 

 by Mr. Viereck as Theronia americana; while the supposed dip- 

 terous- parasite was determined by Mr. Walton as Helicobia helicis. 

 This latter was more likely to have been a scavenger than a para- 

 site, although both species were reared from material submitted. 

 In this letter Mr. Webb states that the butterflies seem to migrate 

 after they emerged, and that fully half of the chrysalids were de- 

 stroyed by parasites. 



NEW LIFE-HISTORIES IN PAPAIPEMA SM. (LEPID.) 



BY HENRY BIRD, RYE, N. Y. 



(Continued from Vol. XLIIL, p. 47.) 



Papaipema moeseri Bird 



The larval history accords with the usual routine experienced 

 in Papaipema. As it is such a distinct species and so well dis- 

 tributed and accessible when the facts are known-, it may be ex- 

 cusable to give some details of its discovery. The root-boring 

 habit of the larva, its superficial resemblance to P. impeciiniosa 

 Grt., and the fact of its often occurring in the same locality, though 

 in a difi'erent food plant, served, through a peculiar chain of circum- 

 stances, to retard its apprehension for several years at least. 



The first intimation of the species came from Mr. A. F. Winn, 

 of Montreal, whose query as to what Papaipema was boring Chelone 

 glabra, Turtle-head, had to go unanswered. None of the few plants 

 occurring about Rye gave evidence of being bored, and Mr. Winn 

 was advised to look into the question another year, for we were 



April. 1913 



