240 REPORTS ON INVESTIGATIONS AND PROJECTS. 



monuments have been examined with respect to (i) their orientation and 

 level; (2) their structural environment, that is, their relation to the build- 

 ings adjacent to them; (3) their material and methods of construction. In 

 the formation of the canon only those monuments have been considered for 

 the date of which conclusive evidence exists other than that of construction. 

 In addition to the more general data concerning the type of construction 

 used in these buildings, tables have been compiled showing the exact meas- 

 urements of one hundred to two hundred typical courses of brick facing of 

 each of the different periods except those of the Antonines, Aurelian, and 

 the late empire, for which the data are as yet incomplete. The main fea- 

 tures of the canon, so far as at present determined, have been embodied in 

 two papers published in the June and September numbers of the American 

 Journal of Archaeology of the present year. Two papers on the develop- 

 ment of brick-faced concrete among the Romans were presented at the Third 

 International Congress of Archaeology, which was held in Rome from the 

 9th to the 16th of October. 



The most important among the monuments to which especial attention has 

 been given are the porticus of Lucius and Gaius in the Forum, the domus 

 Aurea of Nero, the forum of Trajan and the amphitheatrum Castrense, and 

 the thermae of Caracalla, where the extent of the fire of the time of Aurelian 

 and of the restorations following it have been determined. A discussion of 

 the porticus of Lucius and Gaius will appear in an early number of the 

 American Journal of Archaeology. 



A number of typical concrete structures of unknown or doubtful date 

 have also been examined and classified by the aid of the new canon of con- 

 struction. The gratifying results obtained warrant the belief that by means 

 of the canon, when completed, the solution of many of the present topo- 

 graphical problems may be rendered possible, as well as the establishment 

 of a more scientific classification of the monuments in general. 



In connection with the more special investigation now in hand, data are 

 being collected (1) for a series of plans (arranged chronologically) of the 

 more important sections of the ancient city, based primarily on the evidence 

 of construction; (2) for a technical description of the individual monu- 

 ments with respect especially to the materials and methods of construction. 



During the year a week was spent at Frascati in the general examination 

 of the remains of the republican villas in that vicinity and of Tusculum. 

 Two weeks were devoted to a comparison of the types of construction used 

 at Pompeii with those of Rome. As a result of this preliminary examina- 

 tion, it is clear that the methods of construction used in Pompeii, even under 

 Roman rule, retained much of their earlier Greek character. A few days 

 were spent in Ischia in the search for traces of the famous brick industry 

 located there in Roman times. Valuable evidence was discovered inciden- 

 tally bearing upon the question of the site and history of the Greek city of 

 Pithecusa. With the kindly cooperation of Commendatore Vaglieri, Director 



