190 The Irish Natwalisl. June, 



which pass out of the barony at Rooskagh, and stretch in an 

 almost unbroken line from that mountain, through Ballylin 

 and Kuoekpatrick, to terminate in the slaty cliffs that bound 

 Foynes harbour and the last tongue of the sloblands on which 

 the village stands. This north-eastern limestone district is 

 the most accessible portion of the barony, which perhaps 

 is the reason it has received most attention from botanists. 

 In the south-east, in the neighbourhood of Cahirmoyle, the 

 rock is also limestone, but it is covered with stiff clay. This 

 is a country of large rich meadows, and the flora, though 

 luxuriant, is not so varied as on the bare limestone of the 

 crags. Orchids, the two Gentians (G. Amaiella and G. 

 ca??ipestris) y Chlora perfoliata. Grass of Parnassus, and mag- 

 nificent Ash trees are the most characteristic plants. 



West of the harbour the whole aspect of the country and of 

 the vegetation changes. The rocks are Millstone Grit and 

 Carboniferous Shales, with Coal-measures in the south and 

 west, and.the level of the surface rises suddenly, and averages 

 several hundred feet higher than the limestone. The slope is 

 towards the north-w r est, and the surface falls gently from 

 Knockpatrick and the line of hills towards the Kerry border, 

 in a series of softly undulating uninteresting grassy moor- 

 lands, interspersed with occasional stretches of bog. The 

 sloblands, which were the chief feature of the limestone shore, 

 cease with these rocks, and the coast becomes steep and rocky. 

 The stunted plantings of the crag-lands are replaced by the 

 fine overhanging woods at Bally nacragga, Mount Trenchard, 

 and those along the shore. The Ceterach is now confined to 

 walls, and does not grow on the native rock as it did on the 

 limestone; and the Dogw r ood, Hairy Violet, Burnet Rose, Bee 

 Orchis, Mullein and other plants of the crags are nowhere to 

 be met with. Instead, the woods are carpeted with Luzula 

 maxima, L,ady Ferns, Foxgloves, and Wild Hyacinths. Gorse, 

 lying, Heather, Bilberry, Bracken and Carex bi?iervis are the 

 most characteristic plants of the heaths, and in the bogs w r e 

 find the Royal Fern, Hard Fern, Viola palustris, Drosera 

 a?iglica y D. rotundijolia, /uncus sqiiarrosus, Carex limosa, and 

 others not seen anywhere on the limestone. Of the rarer 

 plants, the woods at Mount Trenchard, especially in the niore 



