50 The Irish Naturalist. March, 



Figs. 7 and 8. — Interior view of pair of valves of P. hibemicum West, 

 from the stomach of a Scaup Duck, shot on Howie's Dam, 

 Belfast, Co. Antrim, in 1856. 



Figs. 9 and 10. — Do. from Lough Drin, near MuUingar, Co. 



Westmeath. 



Figs. II and 12. — Do. from Baguley Moor, Cheshire. Represen- 

 ting a normal English form ! 



Figs. 13 and 14. — Do. from Llyn Dwythwch, 920 ft. alt., near 



Llanberis, Carnarvonshire. A form typical of the Welsh tarns ! 



IRISH SOCIETIES. 



BELFAST NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB. 



January 15. — Rev. K. Dunbar gave a lecture entitled, " The Life 

 Hi.story of Some British Lepidoptera," illustrated by a series of lantern 

 slides. There were four distinct stages in the life history of lepidoptera — 

 ova, larva, pupa, and imago. The ova were for the most part laid on or 

 near the food plant, and either singly or in clusters. Lepidopterous larvae 

 were almost exclusively vegetarian. During the larval stage the skin was 

 cast three or four times, the last moult revealing the pupa. Brief sum- 

 maries were then given of the life histories of some local species — among 

 butterflies, V. urticcB, E. cardamines ; among moths, 5. convolvuli, C. 

 potatoria, A. caja, and 7). vinula. Mr. Foster and Mr. Stendall took part 

 in the discussion which followed. 



DUBLIN NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB. 



January 23. — Annual General Meeting. — The President, Prof. G. H. 

 Carpenter, M.Sc, in the chair. The Annual Report and Statement of 

 Accounts for 1917 were submitted and adopted. A vote of thanks to 

 Mr. C. J. Bateman, who had acted as Hon. Treasurer for some years, 

 proposed by R. LI. Praeger and seconded by the President, was passed. 

 The names of the officers and committee for 191 8 were announced as 

 follows : — President — J. de W. Hinch ; Vice-President — Prof. A. 

 Henry, m.a., f.l.s. ; Hon. Treasurer — G. C. May, b.l. ; Hon. Secretary 

 — Mrs. T. Long ; Committee — Prof. Carpenter, Prof. Cole, X. Colgan, 

 D. W. Freeman, Miss J. Gilmour, Mrs. Harford, Rev. J. Hamilton, Miss 

 Kate Murphy, K. LI. Praeger, Miss J. Stephens, Alexander Williams. 



The incoming President J. de W. Hinch, delivered an inaugural address, 

 dealing with " The development and decay of the Irish Sea Glacier," 

 which will be published in the Irish Naturalist. R. Ll. Praeger, N. Colgan, 

 Prof. Carpenter, Prof. Henry and W. B. Wright took part in a discussion 

 on the address, 



