DAVIS. — CERTAIN OLD CHINESE NOTES. 257 



London, 1S63, under the titles of Banking and of Currency, deals 

 with Chinese paper money. He relies upon Klaproth and Biot, and 

 under "Currency" gives a chronological narrative of the events 

 connected with the episode. He says: "We have given this account 

 of chinese paper money because we are not aware that any account 

 of it has ever been published in English." Had the dictionary been 

 completed this account might have attracted more attention, but 

 as it was made public in an incomplete work and was hidden under the 

 title "currency," it made little or no impression. 



MacLeod also refers to chinese paper money in his Theory and Prac- 

 tice of Banking. 



In 1873, in the Dictionnaire de l'Economic Politique, Courcelle 

 Seneuil describes the chinese paper money experience at some length, 

 under the title " Papier-Monnaie. He relies on Biot, and while 

 he gives an account of the "Deer Skin Money," he adds in a note 

 "ces morceaux de peau ne constituaient par, a, proprement parler, 

 un papier monnaie." 



In 1874, A. M. Benadakis, communicated a paper on this subject 

 to the Journal des Economistes etc. He quotes freely from the 

 chinese work of Ma-twan-lin which has already been referred to 

 several times, and speaks of the writer as "The learned Ma-twan-lin, 

 author of an encyclopedia of 100 volumes" 14 — and adds an estimate 

 of the value of his work, " He knows the true theory of money and of 

 paper, and what he has written is striking in its precision and good 

 sense." 



In 1875, William Stanley Jevons in "Money and the Mechanism 

 of Exchange gives a brief account of chinese paper money. He relies 

 upon Benadakis and Courcelle Seneuil. 



In 1877, W. Vissering, published at Leyden, a book on chinese coins 

 and paper money. 15 The writer has incorporated in his publication, 

 the more important sections of Ma-twan-lin's celebrated work bearing 

 on this special subject. The chinese characters of the original publi- 

 cation are given by Vissering in connection with a translation, and 

 this again is accompanied by foot-notes explanatory of the special 

 meanings which he has given to Some of these characters. The first 

 paper money that Vissering finds was in use in 809 A.D. He stated 

 what knowledge the chinese author furnishes on this and other emis- 



14 Journal des Economistes, etc. March, pp. 366, 367 (1874). 

 ' 15 On Chinese Currency, Coins and Paper money. W. Vissering. Leide, 

 (1877). 



