THE ALGAE OF BERMUDA. 51 



2. Branches not whorled. 3. 



3. Cells spherical, ovoid or pj^iform. 2. V. macrophysa. 



3. Cells cj'lindrical to clavate. 3. V. utricularis. 



1. V. VEXTRicosA J. G. Agardh, 1SS6, p. 96; Vickers, 1905, p. 56; 



1908, p. 21, PI. XXIII. A; Collins, 1909, p. 373; Borgesen, 1913, p. 

 27, fig. 16. July, Kemp; Gravelly Bay, Aug., Collins. At Gravelly 

 Bay this plant was washed ashore; the plants were 1-3 cm. diam., 

 smooth and glassy, spherical or slightly ovoid. IMurray states that 

 it is sometimes as larg^ as a hen's egg. 



2. V. MACROPHYSA Kutzing, 1843, p. 307; 1856, p. 30, PI. 

 LXXXVII, fig. Ill; P. B.-A., No. 1867; V. utricularis Alg. Am.-Bor. 

 Exsicc, No. 171, not of Agardh. Harrington Sound, Walsingham, 

 Jan., Tucker's Town, Dec, Hervey; pool near Moore's calabash 

 tree, Ducking Stool, April, Ely's Harbor, July, Gravelly Bay, Gibbet 

 Island, Aug., Fairyland, Nov., Collins. Grows usually in dense masses 

 sometimes as large as a man's head; the individual plants are only 

 loosely attached, and are easily separable; under water it usually 

 shows a very brilliant iridescence. The turgor in the living cell is 

 considerable; when the cell is punctured by a dissecting needle, it 

 sends out a fine stream which may reach a distance of a meter or more. 



3. V. UTRICULARIS (Roth) Agardh, 1822, p. 431; ColHns, 1909, 

 p. 373; Conferva utricularis Roth, 1797, p. 160, PI. I, fig. 1. Dredged 

 in 18 meters, Hamilton Harbor, Dec, Collins. 



Forma Crustacea Kuckuck, 1907, p. 180; Borgesen, 1913, p. 30, 

 figs. 17-18; P. B.-A., No. 2074. The typical V. utricularis is rather 

 looselv branched, but in forma cruMacea the cells form a dense mass, 

 and might be mistaken for one of the solid-fronded species of Dictyo- 

 sphaeria, but under the microscope it is easily distinguished by the dif- 

 ferent manner of attachment of the cells. It has some resemblance 

 to V. macrophysa, but the cells are smaller, closely adherent and more 

 elongate. It appears to be a form of shallow water, forming dense 

 masses, as well in the quiet water at Grasmere as on the reefs, always 

 awash, at Ely's Harbor. 



4. V. PACHYNEMA (Martens) Weber, 1913, p. 61; V. confervoides^ 

 Harvey, Alg. Ceylon, No. 73; J. G. Agardh, 1886, p. 100; Collins, 



1909, p. 373; Bryopsis pachynema Martens, 1866, p. 24, PI. IV, fig. 2. 

 Miss Wilkinson. 



8 INIme. Weber calls attention to the fact that Valonia confervoides was 

 nomen nudum until 1886; hence V. -pachynema has priority. 



