218 WHEELER. 



by a normal female, whereas the female of Eusphinctus is ergato- 

 morphic." 



Emery in the "Genera Insectorum" (Fasc. 118, 1911, p. 6) adopted 

 Andre's interpretation of the eyed indiAiduals but not his suggestion 

 to restrict Spliinctomynnex to the Brazilian type and to place all the 

 Old World forms notwithstanding the differences in the number of 

 antennal joints in the genus Eusphinctus. My study has led me not 

 only to adopt Andre's suggestion but to go even further. There are 

 evidently not two, but three groups of subgeneric status among the 

 Australian forms. One of these comprises a single species, E. turneri 

 Forel, known only from the worker, which is large, black, with 12- 

 jointed antenn;e, well-developed eyes, but without ocelli and with an 

 emarginate pygidium. The two other groups have blind workers 

 with entire pygidium, but differ in the number of antennal joints, 

 Eusphinctus s. str. having 11, and the other group 12 (Sphinctomyrmcx 

 s. str. of Emery and Forel). Now the following facts show that the 

 females of these two groups, though like the workers in form, differ 

 in size and in the visual organs and shape of the pygidium: 



1 . No workers or worker-like individuals with well-developed e.yes 

 and ocelli are known in the group with 12-jointed antennre (with the 

 possible exception of S. myops Forel, which may be a female!). 



2. An " ergatomorphic female" of S. imhcciUis was described by 

 Forel as being considerably larger than the worker, without eyes or 

 ocelli, with scarcely constricted gastric segments and with emarginate 

 pygidium. 



3. Dr. W. M. Mann loaned me for study a fine colony of a new 

 species closely related to imhcciUis, which he recently discovered in 

 New South Wales {manni sp. nov.). This colon;^- comprises 227 blind 

 workers varying from 3 to 5 mm. in length, and a single much larger, 

 worker-like indi^•idual 7 mm. in length, with very minute eyes and the 

 anterior ocellus, but in all other respects, except the somewhat larger 

 size, like the ergatomorphic female of imhcciUis described by Forel. 

 Even in the field Dr. Mann at once recognized this individual as the 

 queen of the colony. 



4. In the known Australian species of Eusphinctus s. str. each 

 colony contains several large, eyed and ocellate worker-like individuals. 

 Since these indi\iduals differ from the blind workers in many of the 

 characters exhibited by the ergatomorphic females of imhcciUis and 

 manni (greater size and more voluminous gaster, shorter and laterally 

 more convex head, more abundant pilosity), Andre's and Emery's 

 view that they are the only true females among these ants, seems to 



