( 206 ) 



deeplj' coloured, more chocolate. In nearly all Himalayan examples the head is 

 browner than in the Hainan ones, but occasioually it is qnite as black, notably in a 

 male Cdllected near Darjeeling, at an elevation of oSUD feet, by Mr. Osmaston. 

 The wings of our adnlt in lies from Hainan measnre about 34i to 35 cm., those of 

 the female a little over 30 cm. 



We must, therefore, at present recognise : 



1. Si/rnium neivarensis newarensis (Hodgs.). 

 Bnlara newarensis Hodgson, Asiatic Researches xix. p. 1G8 (183G. — Nepal). 



Himalayas. 



Largest; wing of females reaching 4i) and even 41 i cm. Disc as a rule not 

 ochraceous. Crown as a rule dark brown, occasionally nearly blackish. — Specimens 

 from Burma and Tenasserim are not typical, being generally slightly smaller and 

 inclined to be more ochraceous. 



2. S. newarensis iiuli-anee (Sykes). 

 Slrix Jmlranee Sykes, P. Z. S. 1834. p. 82 (Woods of the Ghauts). 



Ceylon and S. India. 



Considerably smaller. The most " typical " — or I should say the most 

 pronounced — examples are those from Ceylon ; they have the disc bright ochraceous, 

 the crown not very deep brown. Similar ones occur in Southern India, but some 

 of the latter are less typical. 



3. -S. neioarensis maingayi Hume. 



Slrix maingayi Hume, Siray Feathers vi. p. 27 (Malacca). 



Rather bright ochraceous below, and somewhat small, but somewhat variable. 

 Generally very similar to indraiiee, but sometimes nearer to S. n. neivare/isits. The 

 bars on the abdomen seem to be wider apart than iu the allied forms. 



? 4. S. newarensis caligutus Swinh. 



This form stands between S. n. newarensis and indranee. Possibly it is widely 

 spread, occurring from Formosa throughont parts of China to Hainan and Burma. 



A " male " (? perhaps wrongly sexed !) from Fokien (Rickett) with the wing 

 37 cm., is hardly separable from Himalayan specimens I 



Unless series from (Miina and Formosa can be compared, this form must be 

 left in abeyance. 



102. Ketupa zeylonensis (Gm.). 



Slrit zeylvnensis Gmeliu, Syst. Nat. i. p. 287 (1788. — Ceylon). 



1 (nnsexed) Mt. Wnchi, 18. xi. 190.5 (No. 270). 

 1 ? Mt. Wnchi, 10. xi. 11)00 (No. 270). 



As far as one can judge from two specimens, there is no difference between 

 these Hainan specimens and others from Ceylon. 



103. Ninox scutulata japonica (T. & S.). 



Ninox japonica Grant, P. Z. S. 1900. p. 488 (Kiungchau, Haosuy). 

 North Hainan (Swinhoe). 



