THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 103 



The chrysalis (fig. 6) is of a dark shining mahogany color, roughened 

 especially on the anterior edge of the segments in the back. It remains 



Fig. 6. 



in the ground through the fall, winter and spring months, producing the 

 moth the following summer. 



VARIATIONS IN THE WING EXPANSE OF PEZOTETTIX. 



BY G. M. DODGE, GLENCOE, NEBRASKA. 



In the Can. Ent., vol. ix., p. 112, I have described as a new species, 

 under the name of Caloptenus volucris, a long-winged variety of Pezotettix 

 autumnalis Dodge. I separated it because of its great length of wing, in 

 which respect it equals many specimens of Cal. sprelus, while in the 

 typical autumnalis the elytra are very short, ovate and pointed. It 

 also exhibited some variations in color. The latter I have since seen 

 paralleled in autumnalis, and having found long-winged varieties of two 

 other species of Pezotettix, I am now fully satisfied of the varietal char- 

 acter of volucris. 



All the authorities agree in making the lack of wings, or the abbreviated 

 character of those organs, the principal reason for separating the genus 

 Pezotettix from Caloptenus. My experience shows, however, that the length 

 of wing in these insects cannot be relied upon as a specific distinction 

 even. It is plain that these long-winged varieties by in-breeding might 

 establish a local variety of what would appear to be Caloptenus, but which 

 would in reality be Pezotettix, It is possible, then, that all our species of 

 Caloptenus were originally Pezotettix ; that, by acquiring additional means 

 of locomotion, were enabled to survive their ignoble relatives. This 

 would certainly accord with the natural law of the " survival of the 

 fittest." 



