194 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



common to all of the genus Lccaniion, which serves to enfold the eggs. 

 Underneath the species in question are two transverse parallel lines of 

 this white down (fig. 2) ; one of them, probably the anterior, is nearly 

 marginal, and is interrupted in the middle ; while the other is nearly 

 central, and in place of the interruption at the middle it has a V-shaped 

 projection back or away from the other line. The form of the scale is 

 quadrangular, and not unlike that of a turtle (fig. 1). When fully 

 developed it is a little more than 3-16 of an inch long, and a little more 

 than 2 /'i as wide. 



Here at Lansing, the small, yellow, oval eggs appear late in August. 

 In Tennessee they would be found under the scales in their cotton wrap- 

 pings many days earlier. The eggs are 1-40 of an inch long, and 1-65 of 

 an inch wide. These eggs, which are very numerous, hatch in the locality 

 of their development, and the young or larval lice, quite in contrast with 

 their dried, inert, motionless parents, are spry and active. They are oval 

 (figs. 3 and 4), yellow, and 1-23 of an inch long and 1-40 of an inch wide. 

 The eyes, antennae (fig. 5) and legs (fig. 6) are plainly visible when mag- 

 nified 30 or 40 diameters. The g-jointed abdomen is deeply emarginate, 

 or cut into posteriorly (fig. 3), and on each side of this slit is a projecting 

 stylet or hair (figs. 3 and 4), while from between the eyes, on the under 

 side of the head, extends the long recurved beak (fig. 4). The larvae soon 

 leave the scales, crawl about the tree, and finally fasten by inserting their 

 long slender beaks, when they so pump up the sap that they grow with 

 surprising rapidity. In a few weeks their legs and antennae disappear and 

 the scale-like form is assumed. In the following summer the scale is full- 

 formed and the eggs are developed. Soon the scale, which is but the 

 carcass of the once active louse, drops from the tree, and the work of 

 destruction is left to the young lice, a responsibility which they seem quite 

 ready to assume. 



In my observations I have detected no males. Judging from others 

 of the bark-lice, these probably possess wings, and will never assume the 

 scale form, though Prof. P. R. Uhler writes me that some of the males are 

 apterous. He says that it is very important to know and record the 

 males, and that the genera are hardly determined without them. 



REMEDIES. 



If valued shade or honey trees are attacked by these insatiate 

 destroyers, they could probably be saved by discrete pruning — cutting off 



