66 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



of Cauloglossum, and referring in his Syst. Orb. Veg., I. p. 136, to 

 Schweinitzia Grev., as a synonym. An explanation of this is found in 

 a paper by Greville (13) entitled " Observations on a New Genus of 

 Plants belonging to the Natural Order Gastromyci," published in 1823, 

 in which he describes the genus Schweinitzia as follows: "gen. char., 

 peridium stipitatum ad basin dehiscens. Stip>es percurrens." Under 

 this he includes two species, S. pistillaris, the type, synonymous with 

 Scleroderma pistillare Pers. (Lycoperdon pistillare L.) ; and S. car- 

 cinomalis synonymous with Scleroderma carcinomale Pers. (-Lycoperdon 

 carcinomale L.). These two species, from the characters of the genus 

 and their synonymy, will be readily recognized as forms which are cor- 

 rectly placed at present in the genus Podaxon. A few months later 

 Greville published the following note in the .Scottish Cryptogamic 

 Flora (14): "In the 8th volume of the Edinburgh Philosophical 

 Journal, I proposed to name a most curious new genus of Gastromyci, 

 Schweinitzia, after the above mentioned excellent botanist. I have 

 since ascertained that a genus of phenogamous plants has been recently 

 dedicated to him by Mr. Elliot. I wish, therefore, to substitute the 

 name Cauloglossum : the character is Peridium stipitatum ad basin 

 dehiscens. Stipes percurrens. The species are C. pistillare and C. 

 carcinomale, both imperfectly described by Persoon (24) in his Synopsis 

 Fungorum, under Scleroderma." It is thus evident that the name 

 Cauloglossum was given to a genus which included only the two species 

 just mentioned, both of which are at present correctly placed in Podaxon. 

 Since the genus Cauloglossum is thus a synonym of Podaxon, having 

 been originally proposed for the reception of forms generically quite 

 distinct from C. transversarium, as has been shown in the preceding 

 account, its use in the present instance would lead to confusion, and it 

 has therefore seemed desirable to examine in some detail the further 

 literature and synonymy relating to it. 



In Fries's Systema Mycologia (10), in which, as above mentioned, 

 Lycoperdon transversarium Bosc, is first referred to Cauloglossum, Gre- 

 ville's description of that genus is reproduced without modification, and 

 the following synonyms are given : Cauloglossum transversarium 

 Fries (Bosc): Penis caninus virginianus, Pluk. phyt. t. 184. f. 6.? 

 (Cf r. Spadoniam) : Lycoperdon transversarium, Bosc and Nees : Cio- 

 ninm Carolinense Sprengel. (Herculea Fries., inscr.). 



The record in the reference to Plukenet (25) (1720) reads thus : 

 fig. 6: " Fungus phalloides, parvus, s. Penis caninus Virginianus ; 

 D. Banister." The plate shows a figure of an erect specimen of almost 



