FLORA OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. 247 



Culpepper Island. 



Culpepper is a small barren islet, the most northern member of the 

 archipelago. It is remote from all the other islauds except the similar 

 islet, Wenman. Culpepper rises precipitously from the sea, and attains 

 an altitude of only 169 m. It has been visited for botanical purposes 

 only by Messrs. Snodgrass and Heller, on December 10th, 1898. They 

 report that the main part of the island is inaccessible. It is a gently 

 rounded plateau falling off abruptly on all sides. Observed from below, 

 it was seen to be covered with a fairly dense growth of vegetation, includ- 

 ing Croton bushes and Opuntia thickets. Only 4 plants were secured, 

 and these were gathered on a short strip of talus at the base of the cliffs, 

 on the leeward side of the island. They were Telanthera Helleri (the 

 most abundant species seen), a sterile and indeterminate Tribulus, Croton 

 Scoaleri, var. breoifolius, and Thinogeton Miersii. With the probable 

 exception of the Tribulus. all these are confined to the Galapagos Islands, 

 and the Telanthera is a marked new species, which in its typical form has 

 been found only upon Culpepper, although a form of the same plant was 

 also collected on Wenman. 



Duncan Island. 



Duncan is a small low circular island, between Indefatigable and Albe- 

 marle. Plants have been collected upon it by Mr. Alexander Agassiz 

 early in April, 1891 ; Dr. Baur, 2 August, 1891 ; and Messrs. Snodgrass 

 and Heller, 5 May, 1899. Altogether 51 different species have been 

 secured upon the island ; of these, 5 are peculiar to it, namely : Castela 

 galapageia, forma duncanensis, Verbena grisea, Borreria galapageia, 

 Scalesia Baurii, and its var. glabrata. About half the flora of Dun- 

 can is exclusively Galapageian. The Opuntia on this island is said to be 

 scattered and of large size, growing upon the rim of the crater. Rhizo- 

 phora Mangle occurs in a small swamp upon the west coast. It is another 

 of the unaccountable anomalies in the florulae of these islands that the 

 common element between Duncan and Charles or Chatham is greater 

 than between Duncan and the nearer islands of Albemarle, Indefatigable, 

 and James. 



Gardner Island. 



Gardner is a very small steep-shored island about 1 km. in length, and 

 only 8 km. east of Charles Island. It attains an altitude of 240 m. It 

 was visited by Dr. Baur in July, 1891, and by Messrs. Snodgrass and 



