OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 125 



the stamens upon the stipe of the ovary. Stipules none. Flowers 



usually showy, perfect or not infrequently polygamous. 



* Calyx subtended by 1-several pairs of bractlets : flowers solitary or often 



aggregated in close heads : seeds flattened and attached by the face : 



embryo nearly straiglit. 



1. Dianthus. Calyx tubular, 5-toothecl, finely many-striate. 

 Petals 5, with long claws ; the blade entire, emarginate, or several- 

 toothed. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Capsule 1-celled, dehiscent bjf 

 4 valves. Leaves narrow, often connate by narrow scarious mem- 

 branes. Flowers commonly showy. 



2. Tunica. Calyx turbinate or cylindrical, obtusely toothed, dis- 

 tinctly 5-ribbed, or sometimes 15-ribbed. Petals 5. Stamens 10. 

 Styles 2. Flowers considerably smaller and habit more slender than 

 in Dianthus. 



* * Calycine bractlets none : seeds laterally attached : embryo curved, 

 ■t- Styles 2 : capsule 4-toothed or valved : introduced plants. 



3. Gypsophila. Calyx turbinate, tubular or campanulate, 5- 

 toothed, herbaceous only in the middle of the segments, the interme- 

 diate parts being scarious. Petals 5. Stamens 10. Flowers mostly 

 small, paniculate or scattered, rarely aggregated. Capsule rather 

 deeply 4-valved. 



4. Saponaria. Calyx tubular or ovoid, 5-toothed, terete with 



numerous faint veins, or conspicuously 5-augled. Flowers showy. 



Petals 5. Stamens 10. Capsule dehiscent at the apex by 4 shorf 



teeth. 



-t- -<- Styles normally 3 ; capsule opening by 3 or 6 teeth : calyx commonly 



10-nerved, rarely a-herved. 



5. Silene. Calyx 5-toothed, campanulate, subcylindric or turbi- 

 nate, either inflated or becoming distended by the maturing capsule, 

 10-oc-nerved. Petals usually appendaged at the summit of the claw ; 

 the blade variously toothed or divided, rarely entire. Stamens 10. 

 Styles 3 (very rarely 4). Stipe of the ovary commonly developed. 

 The capsule 1-celled or somewhat 3-celled at the base. Flowers soli- 

 tary, racemose, or cymose-paniculate. 



H- -1- -t- Styles 5 (rarely 4), alternating with the petals when of the same num- 

 ber: calyx teeth short, not foliaceous. 



6. Lychnis. Calyx ovoid, obovate, or clavate, 5-toothed, 10- 

 nerved, mflated or not. Petals with or without appendages ; the blade 

 entire, emarginate, bifid or variously cleft. Stamens 10. Ovary 1- 

 celled, or divided at the base into 5 (rarely 4) partial cells. Capsule 

 dehiscent by as many or twice as many teeth as there are styles. 



