MABERY. — CONSTITUENTS OF PETROLEUM. 167 



111 order to collect this distillate more closely, a portion of the crude 

 oil was treated with fuming sulphuric acid, washed, dried, and the distil- 

 lation continued. 37 grams of the oil gave 27 grams after purification. 

 After several distillations it collected at 2r2°-214° under 745 mm., and 

 with the mercury all wiiliin the vapor. Two determinations of specific 

 gravity at 20° gave (I.) 0.7851, and (II.) 0.7857. The carbon and 

 hydrogen were also determined : — 



0.1586 gram of the oil gave 0.4960 gram COo, and 0.2105 gram HoO. 



These values point to the composition C„Ho„ for this constituent of the 

 Canadian oil. In further evidence as to the correctness of this result, 

 another portion of the crude distillate was shaken with a mixture of con- 

 centrated nitric and sulphuric acids, the intense heat at first generated 

 controlled, and after the principal action had ceased the solution was kept 

 warm for some time on the steam bath. Au oily nitro product collected 

 above the acid in considerable quantity, but it was not further examined. 

 The hvdrocarbon remaining was then agitated with concentrated suli>huric 

 acid, washed with caustic soda, which removed mucli more of the nitro 

 product from the oil, then with water, and boiled for some time with tin 

 and hydrochloric acid. 



The oil remaining was then washed, dried, and warmed during several 

 hours with fuming sulphuric acid, which produced little change, and 

 boiled with sodium. After this purification, analysis still gave values 

 required for a hydrocarbon C„H2„. 



I. 0.1383 gram of the oil gave 0.4332 gram COo, and 0.1849 gram HoO. 

 II. 0.1406 gram of the oil gave 0.1856 gram HoO. 



In forming the chlorine derivatives of this hydrocarbon, 26.5 grams of 

 the fraction 214°-216° was allowed to absorb chlorine until the weight 

 had increased 9.5 grams, and the product was fractioned eight times in 

 vacuo; 5 c.c. collected at 160°-1 70°, which gave on analysis the per- 

 centage composition required for CioH.^sCl. 



