456 MARQUIS OF CALIGNY. 



upper bay is about 0.386 V, without considering what is saved by the 

 final oscillation. The sum of the volumes raised by the two operations 

 is (0.41 + 0.386) V = 0.796 V. By utilizing the great final oscillations 

 the saving amounts to 0.90 V. 



This system, while it economizes the water used, produces neither 

 lowering in short bays, nor exaggerated velocities in the narrow passages, 

 and constitutes an ingenious use of the properties of liquids in motion. 

 Its application to the Aubois lock cost about 40,000 fraucs, but much of 

 this was owing to the difficulties of position and the nature of the soil, 

 which required special precautions. A considerable economy might be 

 made by placing the aqueduct along the side walls of the lock. 



Award. — The jury for Group XVIII. awarded to the Marquis of 

 Caligny the Medal for Progress. 



At this time, M. de Caligny was elected Corrresponding Member 

 of the Institute of France. On the death of Clausius, Caligny became 

 Dean of the Corresponding Members of the Institute ; and at this time 

 he was elected into the American Academy to fill the vacancy thus 

 made. 



On the occasion of the Universal Exhibition at Paris in 1889, a 

 considerable space in the Department of Agriculture was allotted for 

 the display of a number of Caligny's ingenious contrivances for raising 

 water, and the author of this notice had the pleasure of seeing these 

 machines in operation, and of observing how thoroughly they were 

 adapted to the requirements of agricultural irrigation. 



M. de Caligny rendered a service to history and to military art by 

 publishing six octavo volumes of the Military Memoirs of Marshal 

 Vauban and the engineer Hlie de Caligny, his ancestor, extracted 

 from his personal archives. This work was published in Paris in 

 1841. It will be remembered that his three elder brothers died for 

 their country ; one killed in 1807 at the battle of Eylau, the others 

 in 1813 at Lutzen. During a visit to Versailles in 1878, Caligny 

 showed the author a list of his military ancestors, among whom were 

 several who served in America under Rochambeau. 



Toward the end of his life his sight became impaired, but this afflic- 

 tion was tempered by the care and assistance of his courageous wife, 

 who served him as secretary. 



His death occurred on the 24th of March, 1892, in the eighty- 

 first year of his age. The local journal, " Le Petit Versailles," 

 says of him, " C'etait un homme de bien, dans toute l'acception du 

 mot." To this just appreciation, Catalan, his intimate friend for more 

 than half a century, adds, " II 6tait simple et bom" The words in- 



