458 MARQUIS OP CALIGNY. 



Experiments on several pieces of Apparatus of his invention. 



Invention of an Automatic " Barrage." 



Description of a Pump without Piston or Valves, applied in several 

 localities. 



Description of a New Apparatus; also a Valvular Piston for work- 

 ing a Pump by means of a Variable Fall of Water. This Motor 

 was used at the Palais de l'Elisee. 



1855. The two preceding years were employed in making experiments 



for which he received a Medal of the First Class at the Paris 



International Exhibition. 

 Experiments on a New Hydraulic Machine, 

 Experiments on a means of Diminishing the Resistance of Water 



in Curves by Concentric Curved Blades. 



1856. Experiments on the Regulators of Hydraulic Machines, on Liquid 



Surfaces, and on the Theories of several pieces of Apparatus. 



1857. New Machines for Drainage in Special Cases. New Means of 



Drainage by the Suction of Sea Waves without any moving 

 Piece. 



1858. Observations on the Motion of Water in Respect to the Geological 



Formation of the Valleys through which it flows. 



1859. Properties of the Single-valved Hydraulic Ram transformed into a 



Blowing Engine. 



M. de Cuyper, Professor of Mechanics at the University of Lie'ge, 

 published a memoir the same year to defend the rights of M. de 

 Caligny with reference to Blowing Engines or Air Compressors, one 

 form of which had been employed for driving the Mt. Cenis Tunnel. 



1860. New Methods of Compressing Air by means of a Waterfall. 



1861. Observations on the Effects of Heat in the Reversed Siphons of the 



Compressors at Mt. Cenis. 



1862. Description of a New Vertical Water-wheel with Plunging Tubes 



and Liquid Oscillating Floats. 

 On the Vibration of Liquid Columns. 

 On the Waves of the Sea at Fecamp. 



1863. Experiments on the Phenomena of Suction; on Waves, etc. 

 On an Improvement in Turbines. 



1864. Studies on Earthquakes. 



It was on the occasion of the employment of his compressors that 

 he was nominated Chevalier of the Order of St. Maurice and 

 Lazare in 1864, and Chevalier of the Order of St. Gregory the 

 Great in 1865. 



1866. Considerations on the Nature of Liquid Friction under Great 



Pressure. 



1867. Application of a New System of Canal Locks to Chains of Locks. 

 Transformation of Rotative Pumps into Hydraulic Motors. 



New Machines for Drainage at any Depth. 



