482 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



* Spikelets terminal and solitary (rarely one or two secondary ones below) : 



plants usually dioecious. 



-1- Culms filiform or setaceous, solitary or few from filiform creeping 

 stoloniferous rootstocks. 



24. C. GTNOCRATES, Wormskiold. — Figs. 72 to 77, — Culms 0.6 to 

 3 dm. high, mostly exceeding the setaceous leaves: spikelets 0.5 to 2 cm. 

 long, some staminate and linear or linear-lanceolate, with oblong mostly 

 blunt-poiuted scales ; others staminate above, with 1 or more pistillate 

 flowers below; others oblong, strictly pistillate, with 6 to 12 rather 

 plump subterete, but thin-edged strongly nerved conic-beaked periyynia. — 

 Wormsk. in Drejer, Rev. 16; Fries, Mant. iii, 134, & Sum. 222 

 Anders. Cyp. Scand. 71, t. 3, fig. 8; Kunze, Car. 123, t. 31, fig. 1 

 Carey, in Gray, Man. ed. 2, 509 ; Boott, 111. iv. 143, t. 459, 460 

 Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 142, & in Gray, Man. ed. 6, 617 

 Macoun, 1. c. 109; liowe, 1. c. 49 (incl. var. monosperma, Peck) 

 Holm, 1. c. 209. C. Redowskiana, Bailey, Mem. Torr. CI. v. 89 

 Britton, 1. c. 340, fig. 815 ; not C. A. Meyer, according to Meinshausen 

 Acta Hort. Petrop. xviii. 305. C. dioica, Schwein. & Torr. 1. c. 293 

 Dewey, 1. c. Ser. 1, x. 283; Carey, in Gray, Man. 537; not L 

 G. monosperma^ Macoun, in Bailey, Carex Cat. 3, nomen nudum 



0. alascatia, Boeckeler, Engler's Bot. Jahrb. vii. 277, ace. to Bailey 

 — Swamps and bogs, Labrador to Alaska, south mostly in Thuya 

 swamps to Restigouche Co., New Brunswick ; Aroostook and 

 Piscataquis Cos., |klAiNE ; Herkimer, Yates and Genessee Cos., New 

 York ; Alleghany Co., Pennsylvania ; and Alcona and Oscoda Cos., 

 Michigan ; in the Rocky Mts. to Colorado : also in northern Europe 

 and Asia. June, July. 



t- ■*- Culms stouter, rigid, forming strongly caespitose stools without stolons. 



25. C. ExiLis, Dewey. — Figs. 78 to 83. — Cidms wiry, 2 to 7 dm. 

 high, usually much exceeding the j?/(/b7-/« stiff leaves : spikelets mostly 

 solitary, 1 to 3 cm. long, staminate, or pistillate, or with the flowers 

 variously situated : perigynia ovate-lanceolate, with serrulate thin mar- 

 gins^ strongly convex on the outer, Jiattish and few-nerved or nerveless 

 on the inner face. — Am. Jour. Sci. xiv. 351, t. Q, fig. 53 ; Carey, 1. c. 

 538; Boott, 111. i. 17, t. 47; Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 142, & in 

 Gray, Man. ed. 6, 617 ; Macoun, 1. c. Ill ; Britton, 1. c, 340, fig. 816 ; 

 Howe, 1. c. 38 ; Holm, 1. c. 207. C. exilis, var. squamacea, Dewey, 



1. c. fig. 54. C exilis, var. androgyna, Dewey, in Wood, Class-book, ed. 



