REVISION OF THE GENUS SYMPHYSANODON (PISCES: LUTJANIDAE) 

 WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES^ 



BY WILLIAM D. ANDERSON, JR., ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS 



DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CHATTANOOGA* 



CHATTANOOGA, TENN. 37403 



ABSTRACT 



The genus is redescribed; four new species — two 

 from the western Atlantic and two from the Pacific — 

 are described; S. typus, from the Pacific and until re- 

 cently the only known species of the genus, is rede- 

 scribed; and a key to the species is provided. Discus- 



sions are presented on the systematic position of the 

 genus, the synonymies of species, and the zoogeography 

 and phylogeny of the genus; species are compared; and 

 brief comments are made on distributions. 



Two new species of Symphysanodon (Pisces: 

 Lutjanidfe) have been collected in the West 

 Indies and Caribbean Sea during cruises of the 

 research vessels Coinbat, Oregon, Silver Bay, 

 and Undaunted of the FWS (U.S. Fish and 

 Wildlife Service) and the Gerda and John Elliott 

 Pillsbury of the Institute of Marine Sciences, 

 University of Miami. A third new species has 

 been collected off Hawaii — off a lava flow by 

 William A. Gosline and coworkers and during 

 cruises of the FWS research vessel Totvnsend 

 Cromwell by Paul J. Struhsaker. A fourth new 

 species has been obtained off Japan by students 

 of Kochi University. Until the discovery of the 

 Atlantic species, this genus was known only 

 from the Kai Islands, New Guinea, the Philip- 

 pines, Japan, and Hawaii. Three scientific names 

 have been proposed for Pacific Symphysanodon; 

 this study shows that all three apply to the same 

 species {S. typus). Anderson (1967) mentioned 

 two undescribed species of Symphysanodon from 

 the western Atlantic and presented a key for 

 their separation; they are described herein. 



The following abbreviations are used: AM, 

 The Australian Museum (Sydney) ; AMNH, The 

 American Museum of Natural History; ANSP, 



' Contribution No. 153, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Tropical 

 Atlantic Biological Laboratory. Miami, Fla. 33149. 



'Present address: Grice Marine Biological Laboratory, College of 

 Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson, Charleston, S.C. 29407. 



'On July 1, 1969, the University of Chattanooga became the Uni- 

 versity of Tennessee at Chattanooga. 



Published October 1970. 



FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 68, NO. 2 



The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadel- 

 phia; BLBG, BCF (Bureau of Commercial Fish- 

 eries) Biological Laboratory (Brunswick, Ga.) ; 

 BPBM, Bemice P. Bishop Museum (Honolulu, 

 Hawaii) ; BMNH, British Museum (Natural 

 History) ; BOC, Bingham Oceanogi-aphic Collec- 

 tions, Yale University; CU, Cornell University; 

 FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History 

 (Chicago, 111.) ; HBL, BCF Biological Labora- 

 tory (Honolulu, Hawaii) ; IRSNB, Institut 

 Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Brus- 

 sels) ; LACM, Los Angeles County Museum of 

 Natural History ; MCZ, Museum of Comparative 

 Zoology, Harvard University; MNHN, Museum 

 National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France) ; 

 RMNH, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historic 

 (Leiden, Netherlands) ; SU, Stanford Univer- 

 sity; TABL, BCF Tropical Atlantic Biological 

 Laboratory (Miami, Fla.) ; TU, Tulane Univer- 

 sity; UF, Florida State Museum, University of 

 Florida; UH, University of Hawaii; UMML, 

 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric 

 Sciences, University of Miami ; UMMZ, Museum 

 of Zoology, The University of Michigan ; USNM, 

 U.S. National Museum; UW, College of Fish- 

 eries, University of Washington ; YU, Yamagu- 

 chi University (Yamaguchi City, Japan) ; ZIKU, 

 Zoological Institute, Kochi University (Kochi, 

 Japan) ; and ZSZM, Zoologisches Staatsinstitut 

 und Zoologisches Museum (Hamburg, West 

 German Federal Republic). SL designates stan- 

 dard length. 



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