CAS: California Academy of Sciences, San 

 Francisco, Calif. 

 CBAT: Centro de Biologia Aqudtica Tropical, 



Lisboa, Portugal 

 CROA: Centres Recherches Oceanographique, 

 Abidjan, Cote d'lvoire 

 CU: Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. 

 FMNH: Field Museum of Natural History, 

 Chicago, 111. 

 FSU: Florida State University, Tallahassee, 

 Fla. 

 GCRL: Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 

 Ocean Springs, Miss. 

 HUJ: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 

 IRSNB: Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles 



de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium 

 ISFRS: Israel Sea Fisheries Research Station, 



Haifa, Israel 

 LACM: Los Angeles County Museum, Los 



Angeles, Calif. 

 MACN: Museo Argentina Ciencias Naturales, 

 Buenos Aires, Argentina 

 MCZ: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 

 Harvard University, Cambridge, 

 Mass. 

 MMF: Museu Municipal do Funchal, Madeira 

 MNHN : Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 



Paris, France 

 MRAC: Musee Royal de TAfrique Centrale, 

 Tervuren, Belgium 

 SAM: South African Museum, Cape Town, 

 South Africa 

 SIO: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 



La Jolla, Calif. 

 SU: Stanford University, Division of Sys- 

 tematic Biology, Stanford, Calif. 

 TU: Tulane University, New Orleans, La. 

 UCLA: University of California, Los Angeles, 

 Calif. 

 UF: University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla. 

 UMML: University of Miami Marine Labora- 

 tory, Miami, Fla. 

 UMMZ: University of Michigan Museum of 

 Zoology, Ann Arbor, Mich. 

 UPR: University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, 

 P.R. 

 USNM: U.S. National Museum, Washington, 

 D.C. 



Examination of these hosts yielded 488 collec- 

 tions of parasitic copepods containing 3,863 cope- 



podr (table 1). They represent 23 species (12 

 described for the first time herein) plus 8 more 

 that were not described or assigned specific names 

 because of the lack of sufficient material. All cope- 

 pods are preserv^ed in 70 percent ethyl alcohol 

 and have been deposited in the USNM collections. 



Type-specimens of the following copepod spe- 

 cies were examined : Caligios helones Kr0yer, Ler- 

 nanthropus helones Kr0yer, Lernanthropus chlmn- 

 ydotes Wilson, and Caligodes 7negacephalv^ 

 Wilson. 



In the formulas for spines and setae included 

 in the descriptions, Roman numerals refer to 

 spines and Arabic to setae. 



The large numbers of copepods collected made 

 it possible to evaluate statistically the variation of 

 a particular character within each of three species : 

 Caligodes laciniatios, Parahamolochits helJones^ 

 and LerTMnthrojnis tyJosun. We compared host in- 

 fluence with geographical influence in these three 

 species. We could have expanded such variational 

 studies with our collections; however, this was 

 not the primary purpose of the paper. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



We thank the curators of the many collections 

 housing the needlefishes that we examined for 

 copepods. Bruce Barrett picked copepods off many 

 iieedlefishes while working as a volunteer in the 

 summer of 1967. Robert Mathewson, Director of 

 the Lerner Marine Laboratory, Bimini, Bahamas, 

 and Jack Rudloe, Gulf Specimen Company, Pan- 

 acea, Fla., sent us CoZo?>o»!.a<tw-infested specimens 

 of Strongylura notata and S. marina. N. V. Parin, 

 Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, sent us our first 

 copepods from Tylosurus choram. Clyde S. Dawe, 

 Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Insti- 

 tute, Bethesda, Md., provided us with a histopath- 

 ological description of the Colobomatus swell- 

 ings. Gerhard Gsell, also of the Laboratory of 

 Pathology, prepared the photomicrographs (figs. 

 172-174). Mildred H. Carring:ton made the draw- 

 ings of S. notata (fig. 170), Caligodes (fig. 146), 

 and Colobomatus (fig. 171). Martin L. Wiley and 

 Samuel Atsaides assisted with the statistical anal- 

 yses. Thomas E. Bowman, Daniel M. Cohen, and 

 Sneed B. Collard read the manuscript and made 

 valuable suggestions. 



COPEPODS AND NEEDLEFISHES 



349 



