ROSENTHAL: TROPHIC INTERACTION BETWEEN SEA STAR AND GASTROPOD 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



I am grateful to the National Marine Fisheries 

 Service, La Jolla, Calif., for providing laboratory 

 facilities. This manuscript has benefited from 

 the critical reviews of J. R. Chess, W. D. Clarke, 

 and H. M. Feder. Thanks are expressed to R. E. 

 Bower and J. R. Chess for the help and assistance 

 they rendered in the field while diving. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Abbott, R. T. 



1954. American seashells. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 

 Princeton, N.J., 541 p. 

 Bullock, T. H. 



1953. Predator recognition and escape responses 

 of some intertidal gastropods in the presence of 

 starfish. Behaviour 5: 130-140. 

 Feder, H. M. 



1959. The food of the starfish, Pisaster ochraceus, 

 along the California coast. Ecology 40: 721-724. 

 1963. Gastropod defensive responses and their ef- 

 fectiveness in reducing predation by starfishes. 

 Ecology 44: 505-512. 

 1967. Organisms responsive to predatory sea stars. 

 Sarsia 29: 371-394. 

 Feder, H. M., and A. M. Christensen. 



1966. Aspects of asteroid biology. In R. A. Booloo- 

 tian (editor), Physiology of Echinodermata, p. 

 87-127. Interscience Publishers, New York. 

 Fields, W. G. 



1965. The structure, development, food relations, 

 reproduction, and life history of the squid LoUffo 

 opalescens Berry. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Fish 

 Bull. 131, 108 p. 

 Fisher, W. K. 



1930. Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent 

 waters. Part III, Forcipulata. U.S. Natl Mus. 

 Bull. 76: 1-356. 



Frisch, K. V. 



1941. Uber einen Schreck.stoff der Fischhaut und 

 seine biologische Bedeutung. Z. vgl. Physiol. 29 : 

 46-145. 

 Landenberger, D. E. 



19G8. Studies on selective feeding in the Pacific 

 starfish Pisaster in Southern California. Ecology 

 49: 1062-1075. 

 Limbaugh, C. 



1955. Fish life in the kelp beds and the efl^ects of 

 kelp harvesting. Univ. Calif., Inst. Mar. Resour., 

 Ref. 55 - 9, 158 p. 

 MacGinitie, G. E., and N. MacGinitie. 



1949. Natural history of marine animals. Mc- 

 Graw-Hill. New York, 473 p. 

 Margolin, A. S. 



1964a. The mantle response of Diodora aspera. 



Anim. Behav. 12: 187-194. 

 1964b. A running response of Acmaea to seastars. 

 Ecology 45: 191-193. 

 Marler, p., and W. J. Hamilton III. 



1966. Mechanisms of animal behavior. Wiley, New 

 York, 771 p. 



Mauzey, K. p., C. Birkeland, and P. K. Dayton. 



1968. Feeding behavior of asteroids and escape 

 responses of their prey in the Puget Sound region. 

 Ecology 49: 603-619. 



Montgomery, D. H. 



1967. Responses of two haliotid gastropods (Mol- 

 lusca), Haliotis assimilis and Haliotis rufescens, 

 to the forcipulate asteroids (Echinodermata), 

 Pycnopodia helianthuides and Pisaster ochraceus. 

 Veliger 9: 359-368. 



Paine, R. T. 



1969. The Pisaster-Teguta interaction: Prey 

 patches, predator food preference, and intertidal 

 community structure. Ecology 50: 950-961. 



Pearce, J. B., and G. Thorson. 



1967. The feeding and reproductive biology of the 

 red whelk, Neptimea antiqua (L.) (Gastropoda, 

 Prosobranchia). Ophelia 4: 277-314. 

 Rosenthal, R. J. 



1970. Observations on the reproductive biology of 

 the Kellet's whelk, Kelletia kelletii (Gastropoda: 

 Neptuneidae). Veliger 12: 319-324. 



679 



