iSS 



THE HISTORY OF CREATION. 



minous body, the cell-kernel (nucleus), and an external, 

 softer albuminous body, the cell-substance or body (proto- 

 plasma). Besides this, many cells later on form a third 

 (frequently absent) distinct part, inasmuch as they cover 

 themselves with a capsule, by exuding an outer pellicle or 

 cell-meonbrane (membrana). All other forms of cells, besides 

 these, are of subordinate importance, and are of no further 

 interest to us here. 



Every organism composed of many cells was originally a 

 single cell, and it becomes many-celled owing to the fact 

 that the original cell propagates itself by self-division, and 

 that the new individual cells originating in this manner 

 remain together, and by division of labour form a commu- 

 nity or a state. The forms and vital phenomena of all many- 

 celled organisms are merely the effect or the expression of all 

 the forms and vital phenomena of all the individual cells of 

 which they are composed. The egg, from which most ani- 

 mals and plants are developed, is a simple cell. 



Fig. 2. — PropaQfation of a single-celled orGranism, Amoeba sphEerococctis, 

 by self-division. A. The enclosed Amoeba, a simple globular cell consisting of 

 a lump of protoplasm (c), which contains a kernel (&) and a kernel speck (a), 

 and is surrounded by a cell-membrane or capsule. B. The free Amoeba, which 

 has burst and left the cyst or cell-membrane. C. It begins to divide by its 

 kernel forming two kernels, and by the celLsubstance between the two 

 becoming contracted. D. The division is completed by the cell-substance 

 likewise falling into two halves (Da and Db). 



