SEXUAL SELECTION IN MAN. 269 



ized " society, competing rivals prefer to contend indirectly 

 by means of musical accomplishments, instrumental per- 

 formances and song, by bodily cbarms, natural beauty, or 

 artificial decoration. But by far the most important of these 

 different forms of sexual selection in man is that form which 

 is the most exalted, namely, psychical selection, in which the 

 mental excellencies of the one sex influence and determine 

 the choice of the other. The most highly intellectually de- 

 veloped types of men have, throughout generations, when 

 choosing a partner in life, been guided by her excellencies of 

 soul, and have thus transmitted these qualities to their pos- 

 terity, and they have in this way, more than by any other 

 thing, helped to create the deep chasm which at present 

 separates civilized men from the rudest savages, and from 

 our common animal ancestors. In fact, both the part played 

 by the prevalence of a higher standard of sexual selection, 

 and the part played by the due division of labour between 

 the two sexes, is exceedingly important, and I believe that 

 here we must seek for the most powerful causes which have 

 determined the origin and the historical development of the 

 races of man. (Gen. Morph. ii. 247.) As Darwin, in his 

 exceedingly interesting work, published in 1871, on " The 

 Origin of Man and Sexual Selection," ^^ has discussed this 

 subject in the most masterly manner, and has illustrated 

 it by most remarkable examples, I refer for further detail 

 to that work. 



But now let us look again at two extremely important 

 organic laws which can be explained by the theory of 

 selection, as necessary consequences of natural selection 

 in the struggle for existence. I mean the law of division 



of labour, or differentiation, and the law of 'progress, or 

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