444 HELICIDiE, 



Maine, New Hampshire, and New York. 



I have not seen this species. Mr. Morse says it has been con- 

 founded with F. ovata, but is one fourth smaller, has one whorl 

 less, and a more circular columellar margin to the aperture, &c. 



Vertigo simplex. 



Pig. 121. 



Shell minute, cylindrical-ovate, smooth; whorls five; aperture circular, tooth- 

 less; umbilicated. 



Pupa simplex, Gould, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. iii. 40.3, pi. 3, fig. 21 (1840) ; iv. 3.59 (1843) ; 



Inv. 190, fi- 121 (1841). — Pfeiffer, Mon. Hcl. Viv. ii.302. — De Kay, N. Y. 



Moll. 52, pi. 36, fio-. 347 (1843). — Binney, Terr. Moll. ii. 343, pi. 72, fig. 3. 

 VertKjo simpler, Stimpson, Shells of New England, 53 (no descr. ). — W. G. Binney, 



Terr. Moll. iv. 148. — Morse, Am. Nat. i. G70, figs. G7, 68 (1868). 



Shell minute, two thirds of the shell cylindrical, surmounted 

 by a rapidly formed, blunt apex, smooth, light chestnut colored. 



Whorls five, moderately convex, separated 

 by a distinct suture, quite smooth ; aper- 

 ture circular, except for a small section 

 from the posterior portion, which is cut 

 off by the encroachment of the preced- 

 ing whorl ; lip simple and sharp, sliglitly 

 everted on the left side, and partially 

 hidino: a small umbilicus. No trace of 

 a tooth has been detected in any of' the specimens examined. 

 Length, one fifteenth of an inch ; breadth, one thirtieth of an inch. 

 The locality where this was first found is a small grove, a little 

 northward of Fresh Pond in Cambridge. In this place it has been 

 found among the moist leaves, on three successive visits in the 

 months of JMay and June, in company with Helix /iticata, labyrin- 

 thica, chersina, and indentata, and Pupa modcsta. None of the 

 shells exliibit any trace of a tooth, although their aspect, and the 

 season of the year, indicate that they can be none other than adult 

 shells. Indeed, were it not for the infringement of the last whorl 

 but one on the aperture, we might rather refer the shell to C//clos- 

 toma than to Pttpa. It occurs in Canada and New England. 



It is rather smaller than P. 7nodesta, and about the size of P. 

 pentodon; luit the simplicity of the unarmed, circular aperture dis- 

 tinguislics it from every American species. The aperture of P. mo- 

 desta, before the development of the teeth, is broader than long. 

 It is the analogue of the Vertigo edentula of Europe. 



