36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA 



where the hills were being cut through, I found it full of well developed infusoria 

 on placing it under the microscope a few minutes after it had been collected, so 

 that there can be no doubt but that these infusoria were present in the sand at 

 the time it was collected, where they had probably been in a torpid state for 

 ages. It is possible that they might have been carried there by the infiltrating 

 water during the rains ; but I am inclined to think that they had been torpid 

 there, as the circumstances in which they were placed were not favorable for 

 propagation except by fission, a process that cannot be carried on indefinitely, 

 even in these lower organisms. In fact, these infusoria, taken from the deep 

 sands, copulated most extensively the moment they we're placed in water. I am 

 not aware that analogous observations have been made as to the office of these 

 lower infusoria in fixing the moving sands, and thus initiating that series of 

 changes by which they eventually become clothed with verdure ; the first germs 

 of organic life being generally supposed to be established by the lower vege- 

 table organisms. 



Dr. Kellogg presented the following paper : 



Description of Two New Species of Plants. 



BY A. KELLOGG, M.D. 



Conyza Less. 

 C. saliccna Kellogg. [Fig. 6.] 



Stem fruticose, erect, three to four feet in height ; branches subglabrous or 

 slightly puberulent, angular ; leaves lanceolate, short petiolate, cuneate, base 

 entire, triplinerved, apex acute with few remote teeth on the upper third, lam- 

 ina fleshy, varnished, subglabrous, minute glands scattering, slightly puberulent 

 chiefly honoath (two to three inches in length, about half an inch in breach), 

 panicle mbcorymbose ; heads pedicillate, mostly subtended by linear nerved 

 bracts ; involucral scales ovate-oblong, sub-acute, scarious, margins irregularly 

 cut-toothed or somewhat erose, cut-cilia+e ; achenia pubescent ; pappus equal, 

 white, scabrous ; florets, teeth villous on the tips and back, tube short ; anthers 

 not caudate ; receptacle convex, naked, punctate. 



This plant is closely allied to the South American C. triplinerva, but differs 

 in the shrubby character of the stem — the leaves also are not " ovate-lanceolate," 

 but lanceolate, and somewhat glandular, and like the branches puberulent — the 

 heads are subtended by bracts, the involucral scales are not " Imear lanceolate," 

 but ovate-oblong and sub-acute, etc. The white pappus is not short, but equal 

 if not longer than the florets — the achenia are not " glabrous," etc. Found at 

 Clayton, Contra Costa County. 



Collinsia Nutt. 



C. divaricata Kellogg. [Fig. 7.] 



Stem erect, divaricately branching, one to three inches high, pubescent, inter- 

 spersed with a few short glandular hairs. Cotyledons oval or oblong obtuse, entire, 

 petioles as long as the lamina ; middle cauline leaves on shorter petioles, ciliate 

 at the base or subsessile, ovate or oblong sub-acute, entire at the base, coarsely 



