176 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA 



to bo Eucosmia. They appear in the Br. Mus. Col. distributed between Gibbu- 

 la and Photinula. The true Turbo marginatus of Nutt. is the ordinary black 

 Californian Chlorostoma, like mcestus, and well named from its frilled margin" 

 near the suture. But the label having become affixed to the T. marginatus 

 Rve. (which must stand as Reeve's species and not Nuttall's) the Californian 

 shell was left without name, and was described by Mr. A. Adams as Chi. fune- 

 brale, under which name it must stand as Nuttal's prior name was (unfortu- 

 nately) in MS. only. The name ColJonia marginata must stand for the original 

 fossil of Lamarck. It is probable that Reeve's shell belongs to anothei group; 

 else it must, according to the usual custom of honoring error, be called C. 

 Reevei. For the Californian species, which are imperforate and have a thin, 

 smooth operculum, Mr. A. Adams and I propose to form a subgenus Lepto- 

 nyx ; a diagnosis of which will appear in the next paper, after the foreign 

 species have been examined. The following are the Californian forms. 



Leptonyx sanguineus, Linn. 



H. t. parva, solida, rubra , anfr. V. subtumentibus, suturis plus minusve im- 

 pressis ; costulis spiralibus plus minusve rotundatis einctii, qnarum iv.-viii. in 

 spira, monstrantur ; apertura subcirculari; columella t. adolescente fovea basali 

 et dente ut in ' Modulo ' munita ; adulta, callositate tenui labiali, foveam tegen- 

 te, obscure bidentata ; labio tenui, continuo ; umbilico nullo. 



Hah. Mediterranean, Phillippi, Hanley. Japan, A. Adams. Monterey, Jewett, 

 Taylor, Cooper. Neeah Bay, W. T., Swan. 



= Turbo sanguineus, Ln. Syst. Nat. Ed. 12, p. 1235: — Phil. Moll. Sic. in 

 loco : Hani. Ips. Lin. Conch, in loco. 



= T. Belliffii, Michaud in Mus. Paris : teste Hani. . 



Non '-Turbo sanguineus, Linn." Rve. Conch, [c. sp. 55: = T. coccineus, 

 Desh. == Globulus roseus, Chem. teste Rve. Nee (Gibbula) sanguine:', Risso. 



Reeve says of his shell. "I am not quite sure that this is the T. sanguineus 

 of Linnaeus, but have every reason to believe it is." That is, every reason ex- 

 cept the one only convincing proof, which was so easy to a London naturalist, 

 an inspection of the original type in the Linnsean Collection. A mere glance 

 at this would have exposed his error. Reeve's shell is whitish, with blood- 

 red spots, and is probably a S. African species. Whether Linnaeus described 

 from Mediterranean or Japanese specimens, cannot be told from his rubbed 

 shells ; nor as yet have sufficiently perfect specimens been compared from the 

 two oceans ; but no character has been observed by which they can be sepa- 

 rated. The great author obtained his Algerine and his Philippine shells from 

 the Swedish consuls ; and Japanese species may have been mixed with the 'lat- 

 ter. It is very rare in the Mediterranean; common in Japan; common also at 

 Vancouver; but rare further south. It is, we believe, the only Californian 

 shell described by the father of modern Natural History. The specimens vary 

 very greatly in strength of sculpture. There is also a purple variety. 



Leptonyx (sanguineus, vslt.) purpureum. 



'H. t. ' H. sanguineo ' simili, sed purpureo fusca, ; lirulis spiralibus crebiori- 

 bus, interstitiis parvis, labio obsoleto. 



Hab. Sta. Cruz, Rowell. Monterey, Cooper. Neah Bay, Swan. 



