Figure V.K — Palaenwnctes i Palaemonetes i pugio Holthuis. 

 A, anterior part of body in lateral view; B, antennule; 

 C, antennal scale; 1), second leg of female; E, fingers 

 of second leg of female: F, third leg; A-F X 4.75 (after 

 Holthuis, 1952). 



tooth placed behind orbital margin, distal tooth 

 placed at a distance from tip leaving space be- 

 fore tip unarmed; lower margin with 2 to 4 

 (usually 3) teeth, distal tooth also placed at 

 distance from tip, tip dagger shaped. Carapace 

 smooth; antennal spine present; branchiostegal 

 spine on anterior margin just below branchiostegal 

 groove. Eyes well developed. Antennular pe- 

 duncle as in vulgaris; basal article with slender 

 stj'locerite reaching slightly beyond middle of 

 article, anterolateral spine of article strong, over- 

 reaching rounded anterior margin; upper anten- 

 nular flagellum with both rami fused for 10 to 

 14 joints; free part of shorter ramus with 12 

 to 18 joints, longer than fused portion. Anten- 

 nal scale 2.5 to 3 times longer than broad (length 

 .'5 times breadth in males) ; outer margin convex; 

 terminal tooth strong, almost reaching end of 

 lamella. 



First legs not quite reaching tip of antennal 

 scale ; fingers as long as palm ; carpus nearly t wice 

 length of chela and slightly longer than merus. 

 Second legs stronger than first; in adult female. 

 fingers reaching beyond scale, lingers more than 

 half length of palm, cutting edges of both lingers 



with no teeth, often gaping proximally; carpus 

 1.3-1.5 times length of palm but shorter than 

 entire chela; merus as long as carpus. Male with 

 second legs more slender and shorter than in fe- 

 male ; fingers shorter than palm ; carpus nearly as 

 long as whole chela and as long as merus. Third 

 legs with propodus twice length of carpus. Fifth 

 leg with propodus about 2 times length of dactyl, 

 2.5 times as long as carpus. 



Abdomen smooth; fifth abdominal segment 

 with pleura ending in an acute tooth, sometimes 

 extremely small; sixth segment half again as 

 long as fifth, somewhat shorter than telson. Tel- 

 son with two pairs of dorsal spines; anterior 

 pair somewhat behind middle; second pair half- 

 way between these and tip ; posterior margin with 

 strong median point flanked by two pairs of 

 spines, inner pair longest, and between them two 

 feathered setae. Outer margin of uropodal exopod 

 with a strong terminal tooth flanked by a slender 

 movable spine medially. 



Measurements. — Length of body : male, 33 mm. ; 

 ovigerous females, 30 to 50 mm. 



Variations. — Males differ from females as fol- 

 lows : smaller size, more slender rostrum, free part 

 of shorter ramus of upper antennular flagellum 

 longer in relation to fused part, somewhat shorter 

 legs, and carpus of second leg longer in relation 

 to chela. Young individuals resemble males 

 (Holthuis, 1952). The second chelae of a few 

 females have one small tooth on the cutting edge 

 of the dactyl. 



Color. — Transparent in life. 



Habitat. — Estuarine waters, especially in beds 

 of submerged vegetation. 



Type locality. — Lagoon near Cove Point Light, 

 Chesapeake Bay. 



Knoion range. — Essex County, Mass., to Port 

 Aransas, Tex. (from specimens examined by 

 Holthuis, 1952). Literature records: Cold Spring 

 Harbor, Long Island, N.Y., to Corpus Christi, 

 Tex. 



Remarks. — The confused taxonomic status of 

 this species in literature is discussed in the ac- 

 count for P. vulgaris and dealt with in more de- 

 tail by Holthuis (1952). 



Broad (1957a) worked out the larval develop- 

 ment of P. pugio and P. ruh/aiis. He found ma- 

 ture individuals of both species were abundant in 

 the Beaufort. X.C., area from April until mid- 



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