Chelipeds stout, subequal; hand slightly 

 roughened and hairy, somewhat stouter in males 

 than in females; fingers about as long as palm, 

 more gaping in males than in females. First pair 

 of walking legs shorter than second and third 

 pairs; last pair reduced and turned dorsally. 



Abdomen small, distal segments narrow. Uro- 

 pods reduced. Telson longer than broad, com- 

 posed of seven elements. 



Measurements. — Length of carapace from tip 

 of rostrum to center of rear notch: males, 14 

 mm. ; females, 14 mm. 



Color. — Background of carapace greenish gray 

 to greenish tan with lighter and darker lines of 

 color delineating striae and marginal furrow; a 

 light longitudinal stripe, broadest anteriorly, 

 along middorsal line; purplish markings along 

 lines separating major regions of carapace; legs 

 mottled with greenish gray or tan as on carapace; 

 a suggestion of iridescence on body and legs 

 (from specimen collected by L. McCloskey, More- 

 head City Harbor, N.C., August 7, 1962). 



Habitat. — Sandy beaches below waterline, and 

 on broken-shell bottoms; low-water mark to 21 

 fathoms. 



Type locality.- — Beaufort, N.C. 



Known range. — Chesapeake Bay, off South 

 Marsh Island, to Aransas area of Texas coast. 



Remarks. — Hay and Shore (1918) and Haig 

 (1956) remarked that this is a rare species and it 

 is true that it has seldom been collected, but the 

 habits described by Pearse, Humm, and Wharton 

 (1942) suggest that it is like a number of similar 

 decapod crustaceans which are rare in collections 

 chiefly because they live where they escape the at- 

 tention of most collectors. Pearse, Humm, and 

 Wharton described E. praelongus as a dweller of 

 sandy beaches, similar in habit to Emerita, Lepi- 

 dopa, and Ogyrides. It is also found on rubble- 

 covered bottom. The animal is a highly adapted 

 burro wer which burrows backward. It scrapes 

 food caught in the hairy antennae with setose 

 mouth parts. Juvenile specimens are occasionally 

 taken at night in plankton tows near inlets in 

 North Carolina, and ovigerous females have been 

 taken in May. 



Haig (1960) placed Euceramus between the 

 group of ]X>rcellanid "genera in which the basal 

 antennal segment is short and not broadly in con- 

 tact with the anterior margin of the carapace, and 



the group of genera in which the basal segment is 

 strongly produced forward so that the movable 

 segments are far removed from the orbit." 



Genus Porcellana Lamarck, 1801 



Lamarck, 1801, p. 153.— Haig, 1960, p. 196 (rev.). 



Porcellana sayana (Leach) 



Figure 87 



Pisidia sayana Leach, 1820, p. 54. 



Porcellana sayana: Hay and Shore, 1918, p. 403, pi. 29, flg. 7. — 

 Haig, 1956, p. 31 (rev.). 



Recognition characters. — Carapace usually a 

 little longer than wide, depressed; dorsal surface 

 slightly convex, meeting lateral parts in a slight 

 shoulder a little behind base of antenna; surface 

 minutely granulate and with fine oblique dorsal 

 plications along sides, especially on posterolateral 

 portions; a few scattered small clumps of hairs. 

 Rostrum triangular, concave above, tip abruptly 

 decurved, margins spinulate or tuberculate. Orbit 

 with a strong tooth near inner angle, separated 

 from orbit by a wide and rather deep notch ; outer 

 angle produced into a broad, low tooth. Eyes well 

 developed. Cervical groove lightly impressed. 

 Antennae slender, smooth, longer than carapace; 

 basal article strongly produced forward into a 

 spinelike projection ; movable articles far removed 

 from orbit. 



Figure 87. — Porcellana sayana (Leach). Auimal in dor- 

 sal view, legs of left side not shown, 5 mm. indicated. 



110 



FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



