Figube 21. — Enlarged scales of caudal crests drawn from 

 sections near the origin of upper caudal lobes of: A, 

 Galeus arae; and B, Galeus cadcnati. 



G. cadenati are proportionally somewhat, longer 

 than the fins of G. arae (table 6). Minor differ- 

 ences in the caudal crest are shown in figure 21, the 

 crest in G. cadenati being about three-fourths the 

 width jof the crests in G. arae of comparable size. 



This species is similar to Galeus polli Cadenat, 

 1959, which is found abundantly on the west coast 

 of Africa. I have compared specimens of the new 

 species with a large series of G. polli, including 

 examples from several localities, collected by 

 vessels of the Guinean Trawling Survey and 

 loaned to me through the Smithsonian Institution 

 Sorting Center. Both G. polli and G. cadenati 

 have long anal fins and are readily separable from 

 G. arae on this basis. G. polli has a longer snout 

 (as measured from the front of the mouth) and a 

 narrower head than G. cadenati, but proportional 

 differences in snout length and distance between 

 I he nostrils are not great in all specimens at hand. 

 In Cadenat's table (1959) of proportions for four 



large adult G. polli, distances from the top of the 

 snout to the front of the mouth are shown as 7.4 

 to 8.5 percent of total length as compared to 6.0 to 

 7.3 percent in our specimens of G. cadenati. 



Differences between G. polli and G. cadenati 

 that are not especially notable in comparison of 

 measurements are easily seen in side by side com- 

 parison of the two species. G. cadenati has a more 

 robust form, a wider and shorter head, and a wider 

 and shorter mouth. The color differences in the 

 specimens examined are also striking. The speci- 

 mens of G. cadenati are brown with the spots and 

 saddles of the posterior part of the trunk rather 

 indistinct. All of the specimens of G. polli avail- 

 able for examination are grayish with black or 

 nearly black spots and saddles. In most of the 

 specimens the spots and saddles are more clearly 

 defined ; but a few specimens are dark all over, and 

 the spots and saddles are indistinct. 



Description of the holotype. — Measurements of 

 the type, TJSNM 260468-F1, are given in table 

 5, and the color pattern in the type does not differ 

 appreciably from that illustrated (fig. 20B) for 

 the species. Body moderately slender, caudal axis 

 not elevated, body sector (tip snout to anus) about 

 two-fifths of total length ; head broad, snout mod- 

 erately pointed and not greatly flattened dorso- 

 ventrally, with large, medially located, and elon- 

 gate patches of mucous pores above and below, 

 the pore openings small, arranged in irregular 

 rows; nasal apertures large, about half the length 

 of snout measured to front of mouth, oblique, with 

 a triangular flap covering the posterior opening 

 when closed, well separated from mouth; mouth 

 large with labial grooves above and below, the 

 lower longer, reaching about one-fourth the dis- 

 tance toward the symphysis; eye large, oval, length 

 of orbit more than two times its width, no func- 

 tional nictitating membrane, but a subocular fold ; 

 spiracle moderate, located immediately behind and 

 slightly below level of horizontal axis of eye; gill 

 openings short, longest about half the horizontal 

 diameter of eye, the fourth and fifth located above 

 the origin of the pectoral; pectoral long, about 

 two times length of snout and broad, its greatest 

 width about two-thirds the length of its anterior 

 margin, its distal corners rounded ; first dorsal fin 

 origin nearly over middle of pelvic base, its distal 

 margin only slightly convex, its apical and lower 

 tips moderately rounded; second dorsal fin about 



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