purple, thoracic appendages barred with white; 

 ventral side of abdomen and uropods reddish, 

 sternal ridges white with purple tipped median 

 spines. Burkenroad (1939) gave a somewhat dif- 

 ferent and more detailed color description. 



Habitat. — Common in offshore littoral of the 

 Carolinas; on white shell sand on Campeche 

 Banks; shallow water to over 100 fathoms in 

 Carolinas (Broad, 1950), rarely to 180 fathoms. 



Type locality. — Cuba. 



Known range. — Off Norfolk, Va., through 

 Bahamas and Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan, Mexico ; 

 Pacific coast of southern Mexico. 



Remarks. — This large sicyonine shrimp is fairly 

 common in North Carolina and has had a limited 

 commercial usage. Formerly thought to be rare 

 in South Carolina (Lunz, 1945), it is now found 

 to be widely distributed out to the 50-fathom curve 

 (Lunz, 1957). Eldred (1959) reported few S. 

 brevirostris in the Tortugas controlled area off 

 Florida. Hildebrand (1954) found the species to 

 be fairly abundant on the Campeche fishing 

 grounds where the bottom is white shell sand. 

 On the Texas brown shrimp grounds and 

 Campeche Banks, the species is rare in depths of 

 15-25 fathoms where S. dorsalis predominates on 

 mud bottom. In deeper water and on mud bottom, 

 31—15 fathoms, it is more abundant. It is also 

 common in shallow water at 6-10 fathoms. Hilde- 

 brand suggested a distribution in two zones sepa- 

 rated by an intermediate zone where S. dorsalis 

 predominates, or possibly the deeper zone of S. 

 brevirostris over mud represents strays. On 

 Campeche Banks, S. brevirostris, dorsalis, and 

 typica have been taken together. 



Lunz (1957) reported natural history notes onS. 

 brevirostris in South Carolina based on 169 suc- 

 cessful 30-minute hauls with a 20-foot experi- 

 mental trawl. He found the species most abun- 

 dant in depths of 35-40 fathoms. Catches at 

 night were larger than those made in daytime. 

 Though available throughout the year, largest 

 catches were made in December. Meager data on 

 maturity of gonads indicated spring and fall 

 spawning seasons. 



Sicyonia typica (Boeck) 



Figure 27 



Sicyonia carinata Milne Edwarda, 1830, p. 344, pi. 9, fig. 9. — 

 Bate, 1S8S, p. 294, pi. 43, egs. 2-3. 



Si/nhimanntites typica Boeck, 1864, p. 189. — Danlelssen and 

 Boeek, 1872. p. 192, flgs. 1-14.— Sars, 1883, pp. 8, 49. 



Sicyonia edwardsii Mters, 1881, p. 367.— Milne Edwards and 

 Bouvier, 1909, p. 251, pi. 8, figs. 1-3 (not fig. 4) (rev.). — Hay 

 and Shore, 1918, p. 380. Schmitt, 1935a. p. 133 (not fig. 6). — 

 Lunz, 1945, p. 7, fig. 4. 



Sicyonia typica: Burkenroad, 1945. p. 2 (rev.). — Holthuls, 

 1959, p. 77. 



Recognition characters. — Integument rather 

 firm, more or less sculptured and covered with a 

 short, thick pubescence more evident dorsally than 

 ventrally, especially on abdomen. Rostrum ex- 

 tending halfway along eye, directed obliquely up- 

 ward, armed dorsally with one or two small teeth 

 not counting tip. Postrostral carina with two or 

 three teeth, last two placed behind level of 

 hepatic spine (third tooth, if present, may look 

 like part of rostral series). Antenna! angle armed 

 with a short, often blunt, tooth. 



Abdominal segments marked by tergal carinae 

 deeply notched behind on first to fifth segments; 

 first segment with carina produced into an ele- 

 vated anterior tooth; fifth segment with carina 

 ending posteriorly in a low tooth; sixth segment 

 with carina produced into a posteriorly directed 

 tooth. Pleura of first four segments with a ven- 

 trally directed acute tooth on distal margin 

 (character apparent only in large adults). Fifth 

 and sixth segments with tooth at posterolateral 

 corner of pleura, that of fifth often small and 

 rectangular. Abdominal grooves deep and well 

 defined. First segment with posteromedian and 

 anteromedian grooves connected ventrally. Sec- 

 ond segment with anterior and posterior tergal 

 grooves connected dorsally; anterior and median 

 pleural grooves connected dorsally and ventrally; 

 a thin and more or less interrupted posterior 

 pleural groove connected with posterior tergal. 

 Telson usually lacking subterminal spines. 



Measurements. — Length of body :■ 74 mm. 



Variations. — Position of the posterior rostral 

 tooth is variable. In some individuals this tooth 



Figure 27. — Sicyonia typica (Boeck). Cara- 

 pace and first abdominal segment in lateral 

 view, 1 mm. indicated (after Lunz, 1945). 



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FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



