Figure 35. — Periclimenes (Periclimenes) longicaudatus 

 (Stimpson). A, anterior part of body in lateral view, 

 X 5; B, antennule, X 11.5; C, antennal scale, X 11.5; 

 D, first leg, X 13.0; E, second leg, X 13.0 (after Hol- 

 thuis, 1951a). 



of antennular peduncle; upper margin raised into 

 a high arcuate crest with seven to nine teeth, first 

 two teeth behind orbit more widely spaced than 

 distal teeth ; lower margin with one or two small 

 spines near tip. Carapace with lower angle of 

 orbit produced into a lobe constricted at base; 

 supraorbital and antennal spines absent; antero- 

 lateral angle rounded. Eyes well developed and 

 elongate. Stylocerite well developed but not reach- 

 ing to middle of basal antennular article; basal 

 antennular article convex and ending in a strong 

 spine ; upper antennular flagellum with two rami 

 fused for four to eight joints. Antennal scale with 

 outer margin slightly concave, ending in a strong 

 tooth exceeded distally by lamella; antennal pe- 

 duncle reaching almost to middle of scale, with 

 distinct outer spine near base of scale. AH 

 maxillipeds with well-developed exopods. 



First legs slender, reaching almost to end of 

 antennal scale ; second legs equal in size and shape, 

 stronger and longer than first legs. 



Abdomen smooth; all pleura rounded. Third 

 abdominal segment somewhat produced in middle 

 of posterior margin. Sixth abdominal segment 

 twice length of fifth and longer than telson. Tel- 

 son with two pairs of dorsal spines both lying 

 behind middle ; posterior margin with three pairs 

 of spinules. 



Measurements. — Length of body : male, 17 mm. ; 

 ovigerous females, 15 to 22 mm. 



Color. — Body transparent in life. 



Habitat. — This species is found in abundance 

 on submerged vegetation along with Hippolyte 

 and Tozeuma, on Leptogorgia,, algae and Sargas- 

 sum, or from sponges (Schmitt, 1924b) ; however, 

 it is hard to detect because of its almost perfect 

 transparency. Surface to 6 fathoms, rarely to 15 

 fathoms. 



Type locality.— Const of Carolina. 



Known range. — Hatteras, N.C., to southwestern 

 Florida ; West Indies to State of Paraiba, Brazil. 

 There are doubtful records from the Indian Ocean 

 and deeper waters of the Gulf of Mexico (Hol- 

 thuis, 1951a). 



Remarks. — This species is abundant in the 

 Beaufort, N.C., area, and has been collected there 

 throughout the year. Ovigerous females have been 

 found from May through October. They occur 

 in Cuba in January and March (Schmitt, 1924b) 

 and in Texas in May. Pearse and Williams (1951) 

 found the form on reefs off the North Carolina 

 coast along with an unidentified Periclimenes. 

 Last larval, postlarval, and early juvenile stages 

 doubtfully assigned to this species have been de- 

 scribed by Gurney and Lebour (1941) from 

 Bermuda. 



Subgenus Harpilius Dana, 1852 



Holthuis, 1951a, p. 23. 



Periclimenes (Harpilius) americanus (Kingsley) 



Figure 36 



Anchistia americana Kingsley, 1878b, p. 96. 

 Periclimenes (Harpilius) americanus: Holthuis, 1951a, p. 60, 

 pi. 18, figs, a-j ; pi. 19, flgs. a-e (rev.). 



Recognition characters. — Rostrum rather high 

 and straight ; tip directed upward, reaching about 

 to end of antennular peduncle; upper margin 

 nearly straight, with 7-10 teeth, first two behind 

 orbit and considerably separated; lower margin 

 with 2, sometimes 3 teeth but with an unarmed 

 stretch before tip. Carapace with only antennal 

 and hepatic spines; lower orbital angle acute; 

 postorbital ridge paralleling orbit; anterolateral 

 angle broadly rounded. Eyes well developed; 

 cornea globular, two dark-colored bands visible 

 on cornea in fresh material; an ocellus present. 

 Stylocerite rather strong, sharply pointed, almost- 

 reaching middle of basal antennular article ; outer 



MARINE DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF THE CAROLINAS 



43 



