antennal scale vestigial, no antennal acicle. First 

 pair of legs unequal or subequal, perfectly or 

 imperfectly chelate; third and fourth pairs sim- 

 ple; others variable. Abdomen extended; pleura 

 small or absent; sixth abdominal appendages with 

 no sutures; tail fan well developed; broad ap- 

 pendages on third to sixth abdominal segments 

 (after Hay and Shore, 1918; Schmitt, 1921). 



KEY TO GENERA AND SPECIES IN THE CAROLINAS 



a. Rostruni small ; first two pairs of pleopods different 

 from following three pairs ; chelipeds dissimilar and 



unequal Callianassa (p. 100). 



b. Uropodal endopods narrow, about 4 times longer 



than broad C. major (p. 100). 



bb. Uropodal endopods not much longer than broad 



C. atlantica (p. 102). 

 aa. Rostrum large; second pair of pleopods like follow- 

 ing three pairs ; chelipeds alike and subsequal 



Upoycbia afflnis (p. 103). 



Genus Callianassa [Leach, 1814] 



Leach, [1814], p. 400.— Hemming, 1958b, p. 142u 



The genus Callianassa has a fossil record ex- 

 tending back to the Jurassic (Rathbun, 1926). 



Subgenus Callichirus Stimpson, 1866 



Stlmpeon, 18(66, p. 47. 



Callianassa (Callichirus) major Say 



Figure 78 



Callianassa major Say, 1818, p. 238. — Schmitt, 1935b (rev.). 

 Callichirus major: Hay and Shore, 1918, p. 407, pi. 29, fig. 10. — 

 de Man, 1928, p. 30 (rev.). 



Recognition characters. — Integument more or 

 less thin and membranous; chelipeds and an oval 

 plate covering anterior three-fourths of carapace, 

 being most hardened portions. Rostrum minute, 

 somewhat obtuse; a similar projecting lobe at 

 each side on margin of front. Cornea of eyes 

 minute, situated at about middle of outer margin 

 of flattened and pointed ocular peduncles. Anten- 

 nular peduncles about two-thirds as long as cara- 

 pace, si out, densely hairy below: each with two 

 flagella about as long as distal article of peduncle. 

 Antenna slender, longer than carapace, peduncle 

 bent between second and third article. 



( ihelipeds unequal, showing sexual dimorphism. 

 Males with major cheliped rather large; granular 

 along proximal lower edge of carpus, lower edge 

 of merus and over entire ischium; propodus and 

 carpus about equal in length, twice as broad as 

 merus and more than three times as broad as 



Figuke 78. — Callianassa (Callichirus) major Say. A, 

 major cheliped of female, approximately X 2; B, 

 minor cheliped of male, approximately X 2 ; C, major 

 cheliped of male, approximately life size ; D, right 

 uropod and portion of telson in dorsal view, ap- 

 proximately X 3 (after Lunz, 1937b). 



ischium; merus with a strong tooth on lower 

 proximal border; fingers strong, dactyl hooking 

 over outside fixed finger, a strong tooth near 

 base. Major cheliped of female weaker, not 

 granular; propodus and carpus proportionately 

 shorter than in male; merus without tooth on 

 lower proximal border; dactyl hooking over in- 

 side fixed finger. Minor cheliped of male and 

 female similar, small; fingers weak, meeting only 

 at tips; carpus as long as hand and somewhat 

 wider. Chelipeds and first three pairs of walking 

 legs much compressed ; margins of distal articles 

 on first two pairs especially sharp; first walking 

 legs chelate, with long cilia on lower margin ; 

 second legs with propodus transverse, it and small 

 triangular dactyl densely ciliate; third and 

 fourth walking legs with last two articles hairy, 

 last legs subcylindrical. 



Abdomen long, gradually widening from an- 

 terior end to third segment, then narrowing 



ion 



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