ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



Many FRI staff members and personnel at the 

 Northern Forest Experiment Station, U.S. Forest 

 Service, assisted in the planning and field sampling. 

 William L. Sheridan was project leader from 1956 

 to 1959 and planned much of the early field work. 

 William F. Royce, Donald E. Bevan, and Max 

 Katz of the College of Fisheries, University of 

 Washington, contributed many helpful suggestions 

 during the preparation of the original manuscript. 

 Warren C. Pellett and Jack Cassell of FRI deserve 

 special mention because they endured the harsh 

 autumn and winter weather of Southeastern 

 Alaska to accomplish much of the field work. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Ahnell, Warren Harry. 



1961. New methods for sampling bottom fauna and 

 periphyton in salmon spawning gravels. M.S. 

 Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, 83 pp. 



Alderdice, D. F., and W. P. Wickett. 



1958. A note on the response of developing chum 

 salmon eggs to free carbon dioxide in solution. 

 Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 

 vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 797-799. 

 Alderdice, D. F., W. P. Wickett, and J. It. Brett. 

 1958. Some effects of temporary exposure to low 

 dissolved oxygen levels on Pacific salmon eggs. 

 Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 

 vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 229-250. 

 Anscombe, F. J. 



1949. The statistical analysis of insect counts based 

 on the negative binomial distribution. Biometrics, 

 vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 165-173. 

 Bishai, H. M, 



1960. Upper lethal temperatures for larval salmonids. 

 Conseil Permanent International pour l'Exploration 

 de la Mer, Journal du Conseil, vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 

 129-133. 



1962. Reactions of larval and young salmonids to 

 different hydrogen ion concentrations. Conseil 

 Permanent International pour l'Exploration de la 

 Mer, Journal du Conseil, vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 181-191. 



Bishop, Daniel M., and S. Philip Shapley. 



1963. Effects of log-debris jams on southeast Alaska 

 salmon streams. [Abstract.] In George Dahlgren, 

 Jr. (editor), Science in Alaska, 1962, p. 90. Pro- 

 ceedings Thirteenth Alaskan Science Conference. 



Bliss, C. I. 



1953. Fitting the negative binomial distribution to 

 biological data. Biometrics, vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 

 176-200. 



Brett, J. R. 



1951. A study of the Skeena River climatological 

 conditions with particular reference to their signifi- 

 cance in sockeye production. Journal of the 

 Fisheries Research Board of Canada, vol. 8, No. 3, 

 pp. 178-187. 



Coble, Daniel W. 



1961. Influence of water exchange and dissolved 

 oxygen in redds on survival of steelhead trout 

 embryos. Transactions of the American Fisheries 

 Society, vol. 90, No. 4, pp. 469-474. 



Combs, Bobby D., and Roger E. Burrows. 



1957. Threshold temperatures for the normal de- 

 velopment of chinook salmon eggs. U.S. Fish and 

 Wildlife Service, The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 

 vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 3-6. 



Davidson, F. A., and S. J. Hutchinson. 



1943. Weather as an index to abundance of pink 

 salmon. Pacific Fisherman, vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 

 21-29. 



Donaldson, John Russell. 



1955. Experimental studies on the survival of the 

 early stages of chinook salmon after varying ex- 

 posure to upper lethal temperatures. M.S. Thesis, 

 University of Washington, Seattle, 116 pp. 



Doudoroff, Peter. 



1957. Water quality requirements of fishes and effects 

 of toxic substances. In Margaret E. Brown 

 (editor), The Physiology of Fishes. Vol. 2, pp. 

 403-430. Academic Press, Inc., New York. 



Doudoroff, Peter, and Max Katz. 



1950. Critical review of literature on the toxicity of 

 industrial wastes and their components to fish. 

 I. Alkalies, acids, and inorganic gases. Sewage 

 and Industrial Wastes, vol. 22, No. 11, pp. 1432- 

 1458. 



Garside, E. T. 



1959. Some effects of oxygen in relation to tem- 

 perature on the development of lake trout embryos. 

 Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol. 37, pp. 6S9-698. 

 Hanavan, Mitchell G., and Bernard Einar Skud. 

 1954. Intertidal spawning of pink salmon. U.S. 

 Fish and Wildlife Service, Fishery Bulletin 95, vol. 

 56, pp. 167-185. 

 Harvey, E. H. 



1928. The oxygen consumption of luminous bacteria. 

 Journal of General Physiology, vol. 11, pp. 468-475. 

 Hays, F. R., and F. H. Armstrong. 



1942. Physical changes in the constituent parts of 

 developing salmon eggs. Canadian Journal of 

 Research, vol. 20, series D, pp. 99-114. 

 Hays, F. R., I. R. Wilmot, and D. A. Livingstone. 



1951. The oxygen consumption of the salmon egg 

 in relation to development and activity. The 

 Journal of Experimental Zoology, vol. 116, No. 3, 

 pp. 377-395. 



Hobbs, Derisley F. 



1937. Natural reproduction of quinnat salmon, 

 brown and rainbow trout in certain New Zealand 

 waters. New Zealand Marine Department, Fish- 

 eries Bulletin No. 6, 104 pp. 



SPAWNING BED ENVIRONMENT OF PINK AND CHUM SALMON 



521 



