392 



ILLUSTKATIOXS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. 



inner sutures, usually long before the seeds are ripe. Seeds several 

 or many, curved or kidney-shaped, with no albumen ; the embryo 

 incurv c'd. — Ex. The common representatives of this order are the 

 Mignonette (Reseda odorata), prized for its fragrant flowers, and 

 the Weld (R. Luteola), which yields a poor dye. 



756. Ord. FlacOUrliaCCCC, a group of tropical shrubs and trees, 

 placed in this vicinity, is best known by Bixa Orellana, which yields 

 Arnatto, the orange-red dried pulp of the pod, suiTounding the 

 seeds. 



757. Ord. ViolaCCCC ( Violet Family). Herbs (in tropical countries 

 sometimes shrubby plants), with mostly alternate simple leaves, on 

 petioles, furnished with stipules; and iri'egular flowers (Fig. 396, 

 397). Calyx of five persistent sepals, often auricled at the base. 

 Corolla of five unequal petals, one of them larger than the others 

 and commonly bearing a spur or a sac at the base : osstivation imbri- 



cative. Stamerts five, with short and broad filaments, which are 

 usually elongated beyond the (adnate introi'se) anthers ; two of 

 them commonly bearing a gland or a slender appendage which is 

 concealed in the spur of the corolla : the anthers approaching each 

 other, or united in a ring or tube. Style usually turned to one side 



FIG. 711. Viola gagittata. 712. One of the stamens without appendage, seen from within ; 

 and one furni.'hed with a spur-like appendage on the back. 712 . A capsule which has opened 

 and separated into three valves; the calyx still persistent. 712'. A vertical sectiou of the 

 seed and embryo. • 



