EXOGKNOUS OR DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 



433- 



The febrifugal properties of the former depend on the presence of 

 two a\ka\oids,Cincho?iia and Qui'nia, both combined with Kinic acid. 

 The Quinquina harks, whicli are derived from some species of Ex- 

 ostemma and other West Indian, Mexican, and BraziUan genera, 

 contain neither cinclionia nor quinia. The bark of Pinckneya pu- 

 bens, of the Southern United States, has been substituted for Cin- 

 chona. — The true Ipecacuanha is furnished by the roots of Cepha- 

 selis Ipecacuanha of Brazil and New Granada. Its emetic principle 

 (called Emetine) also exists in Psychotria emetica of New Granada, 

 which furnishes the striated, black, or Peruvian Ipecacuanha. The 

 order likewise furnishes Coffee, the horny seed (albumen) of Coffa;a 

 Arabica. According to Blume, the leaves of the Coffee-jilant are 

 used as a substitute for tea in Java. — To this order may be ap- 

 pended, either as a suborder, or, as in a general work it is more con- 

 veniently regarded, the 



8S0 



874 



841. Ord. Logailiaceffi, which may be briefly said to be Rubiacege 

 with a free calyx, and manifestly connected Avitli the Cinchoneae 

 through the Houstonia section of Oldenlifndia, with a pai'tly free 



FIG. 872. Oldenlandia (Houstonia) cserulea. 873, 874. The two sorts of flowers that differ- 

 ent individuals bear, with tlie corolla laid open ; one with the stamens at the base, the other 

 at the summit of the tube : the lower figure shows also a section of the ovary. 875. Cross- 

 section of an anther, magnified. 876 Anther less enlarged, opening longitudinally. 877. 

 Capsule with the calyx. 878, 879. Views of the capsule in dehiscence. 880. Diagram of a 

 cross-section of the unexpanded flower. 



37 



