luent chariieable to each year's operation. This 7 

 percent was then apportioned anionii' tlie broods 

 and species present by using tlie percentaiie of time 

 spent caring for each group of Hsli. Cost, of tisii 

 food and drugs during the fiscal year was appor- 

 tioned according to the [)ouuds of cacli brood year- 

 species group produced.'' Operational cost other 

 than food and drugs was apportioned the same as 

 capital in\estment. This category includes per- 

 sonal services, travel, transportation of items, com- 

 nnmication services, rents and utilities, other con- 

 tractual services, equipment, snfjplies and ma- 

 terials, and administration. 



Klickitat Hatchery is used as an example of the 

 aliove procedure. Table IS shows the estimated cost 

 ($(jS,77;j) to produce tlie 1961-brood fall chinook 

 salmon at Klickitat Hatchery. 



Table IS. — Costs in rearing salmon al Klukitat Hatihery 

 for fiscal year 1963, by brood and species 



Authorized Fish food Operationiil 



Blood and species and discounted and costs other Total 



capital related than food 



investment items 



1961 fall Chinook $23,li;9.3n $4,959.S2 $40,643.85 $68,772.97 



1960coho 6,360.20 4,046.17 11,1.17.14 21,563.51 



1961 eoho 12,266.10 2,871.48 21,517.33 36,654.91 



1960 spring Chinook 908.60 130. ,52 1,593.88 2,633.00 



1961 spring Chinook 2.725.80 1,044.17 4.781.63 8.551.60 



Total. ^- 45,430.00 13,052.16 79,693.83 138,175.99 



Capital investment through 1962 fiscal year for 

 Klickitat Hatchery was $649,000. Seven percent, 

 or $45,430, of this total, was attributable to the 

 1962 fiscal year. Because an estimated Til percent 

 of the man-hours was expended in caring for fall 

 chinook salmon during fiscal year 1962, $23,169.30 

 (0.51 X 45,430) was the portion of the capital in- 

 vestment cost assigned to the fall chinook. 



Total cost for food and drugs during the year 

 at Klickitat Hatc^hery was $13,052.16. As 38 per- 

 cent of the total weight of fish produced was fall 

 chinook salmon, an estimated $4,959.82 (.38 x 13,- 

 052.16) of the food cost was assigned to them. 



Total operational costs (other than food) were 

 apiiortioned in the same manner as the capital 

 investment. Hence, 51 percent or $40,643.85 of 

 the year's operational cost ($79,693.83) was as- 

 signed to fall chinook salmon. 



Adding these costs gives $68,772.97 as the e.s- 

 timated total cost in rearing the 1961-brood chi- 



nook salmon at Klickitat Hatchery. Following this 

 procedure at each hatchery, we estimated the total 

 cost in rearing the 1961-brood chinook salmon 

 released at all hatcheries under study at $831,522. 



To determine the benefit provided by the con- 

 tribution of these hatchery releases to the com- 

 mercial and sport fisheries, it is necessary to esti- 

 mate their net economic value. 



For commercially caught fisii, the gross eco- 

 nomic value was determined from estimated land- 

 ings and a\erage [irices paid to fisln'rnieii in 

 l',)(;3-(;6. The standard beiiefit-co.st technique would 

 iv(iuire the deduction of all associated costs, but 

 on the liasis of arguments similar to those jire- 

 sented by Crutclifield, Krai, and Phiimey,'" we 

 assumed that the cajiacity of jiresent commercial 

 salmon fisheries in terms of vessels and gear is 

 such that additional catches can be made with 

 little increase in cost. 



The above assumption is sujijiorted in part from 

 an examination of I'ecent catch and etl'ort data 

 for the "Washington and British Columbia troll 

 fisheries (table 19). The two fisheries accounted 

 for over 90 percent of the estimated ocean com- 

 mercial catch of hatchery fish. Beginning in 1958, 

 the size (number of boats) of the troll fleet in- 

 creased considerably. The increase was not ac- 

 companied, however, by a coiTesponding increase 

 in the catch of chinook and coho salmon (target 

 species of the troll fisheries). The average catch 

 per boat for 1958-62 Avas 390-40 percent less than 

 the average catch per boat of 650 for the preced- 

 ing period (1952-57). Even with the increased 

 catches during 1963-66, the average catch per boat 

 (assuming the number of boats was at least as 

 great as during 1958-62) was only about 550 —  

 again, considerably less than the 1952-57 level. 

 It seems reasonably clear from these data that 

 the catch capacity of the troll fleet of Washington 

 and British Columbia is greater than their present 

 success. Larger catches could, therefore, be made 

 without investment in additional units of gear. 



The assumption (excess fishing capacity) is also 

 indicated for the Columbia River gill-net fisheiy, 

 which together with the above two troll fisheries 

 accounted for over 95 percent of the estimated com- 



^^ Amount of food friven to the various groups of fish at a 

 hatchery is gener.ill.v proiiortinnal to their weight. 



i« Crutchfield. James A.. Kenneth B. Krai, and Llo.vd A. Pliinne.v. 

 196.5. An economic evaluation of Wa^lnn2to^ State Deiiartment of 

 Fisheries controlled natural-rearing program for coho salmon 

 fOticorlniiirhiis ki.tiitch). Wash. Dep. Fisli., Res. Div. (U.S. Fish 

 Wildl. Serv. contract #14-17-0007-246. Part II). 26 pp. 

 [Processed.] 



COXTRIBITIOX OF COLUMBI.\ RIVER HATCHERIES T0 -FALL CHINOOK SALMON HARVEiST 



385 



