world's fisheries congress. 11 



Section 4. — The Commercial Fisheries. (Dr. Hugh M. Smith, Chairman.) 



The Maintenance and Improvement of the American Fisheries : Dr. Hugh M. Smith, U. S. Fish Com- 

 mission, Washington, D. C. 



Foul Fish and Filth Fevers: Dr. J. Lawrence-Hamilton, Meinher Royal College of Surgeons (Lon- 

 don); Licentiate Royal College of Physicians (Edinburgh); 30 Sussex Square, Brighton, England. 



Reforms and Improvements suggested for the Fisheries of Great Britain and Ireland : Dr. J. Lawrence- 

 Hamilton, etc., 30 Sussex Square, Brighton, England. 



Fishing in British Guiana: Mr. J. J. Quelch, Commissioner of British Guiana. 



The Fisheries of Canada: Hon. L. Z. Joncas, Quebec. 



The Fishing Industry of Lake Erie, Past and Present: C. M. Keyes, Sandusky, Ohio. 



The Fisheries of the Virginia Coast: Dr. J. T. Wilkius, Fish Commissioner of Virginia. 



Notes on the Irish Mackerel Fisheries: Rev. W. S. Green, Office of Irish Fisheries, Dublin, Ireland. 



The Southern Spring Mackerel Fishery of the United States: Dr. H. M. Smith, U. S. Fish Commission. 



The Past and Future of the Fur Seal: Mr. J. Stanley-Brown, II. S. Geological Survey, Washington, 

 D. C. 



Notes on the Fisheries and Fishery Industries of Puget Sound: .James G. Swan, Esq., Port Townsend, 

 Jefferson County, Washington. 



Fish Nets ; Some Account of their Construction and the Application of their various Forms in the 

 American Fisheries: Mr. C. H. Augur, New York City. 



Statistics of the Fisheries of the United States: Dr. Hugh M. Smith, U. S. Fish Commission. 



The Exhibit of Pearls at the World's Columbian Exposition: Mr. George F. Kunz, New York City. 



The Fisheries of Japan : By the Bureau of Agriculture of Japan. 



The formal sessions of the World's Fisheries Congress were opened in Hall U(i of 

 the Memorial Art Palace, Chicago, on Monday morning, October 16, 1893. The open- 

 ing address was made by the chairman of the Congress, Hon. Marshall McDonald. 

 During the temporary delay of the chairman of the first section, Mr. L. D. Huntington, 

 president of the New York Fish Commission, acted as chairman of the section. 



Dr. G. A. MacCallum's article was the first paper read. After its conclusion Dr. 

 Goode spoke as to the value of occasions when such papers are brought together. 



Mr. A. M. Spangler, president of the Fish  Protective Association of Eastern 

 Pennsylvania, then read his essay on the decrease of fish. 



He was followed by Mr. Daniel T. Church, of Tiverton, Rhode Island, with a paper 

 on the seacoast fisheries. After the reading of Mr. Church's article it was discussed, 

 along with the essay of Mr. Spangler, by the following members of the Congress : Mr. 

 D. T. Church, Mr. E. G. Blackford, Mr. W. H. Bowman, Dr. Jas. I. Peck, Mr. A. Booth, 

 Mr. Hoyt Post, Mr. L. D. Huntington, Hon. Marshall McDonald, and Mr. Fred Mather. 



The second session of the Congress began at 10 a. m., October 17. The general 

 chairman, Hon. Marshall McDonald, made the opening address, after which the chair- 

 man of the meeting, Dr. G. Brown Goode, followed with an address on the "Relation 

 of Scientific Research to Economic Problems." 



The first paper on the program, by Dr. Jacques Loeb, was entitled "On the Influence 

 of Light on the Periodical Depth Migrations of Pelagic Animals." It was discussed 

 by Dr. Herrick, Hon. Marshall McDonald, and Dr. Goode. 



Prof. B. W. Evermann read an essay on the " Investigation of Rivers and Lakes 

 with reference to the Fish Environment." 



Prof. J. E. Reighard, of the University of Michigan, gave an oral preliminary 

 account of the Plankton Investigations for the Michigan Fish Commission on Lake St. 

 Clair. This paper was discussed by Prof. Evermann, Mr. Fred Mather, Dr. Goode, 

 Mr. A. Booth, and Mr. W. H. Bowman. Mr. Mather's remarks related to the straining 

 capacity of towing nets, and Mr. Booth spoke of the effects of whitefish plauting. 



