38 THE NATURE OF ANIMAL LIGHT 



ture of pyrogallol, formaldehyde, K2CO3 and H2O2. As 

 I have shown, pyrogallol can be oxidized in a great many 

 different ways, and some of these are of great interest, 

 for they very closely imitate the mechanism for the pro- 

 duction of light in organisms. These are recorded in 

 Table 3, which also includes various other types of oxy- 

 luminescence of general or biological interest. 



TABLE 3 



Types of Oxyluminescent Reactions 



1. Oxidation in air spontaneously. 



(a) At ordinary temperatures. [Phosphorus. Fresh-cut surfaces of 

 Na or K. Thiophosgene and Tliio-ethers (RCS.OR).] 



(6) At melting or vaporizing points. (Fats, terpenes, sugars, resins, 

 gums, ether, silk and others.) 



2. Oxidation in aqueous or alcoholic alkalies. (Many organic suhstances.) 



3. Oxidation in hypoiodites, hypobromites, or hypochlorites. (Many organic 



substances. ) 



4. Oxidation in peroxides (H0O2 or Na202). (Many organic substances.) 



5. Oxidation in ozone. (Many organic substances.) 



6. Oxidation in acid permanganate. (Pyrogallol.) 



7. Oxidation in persulfates and perborates. (Formaldehyde, paraformal- 



dehyde. ) 



8. Oxidation in perchlorates, periodates, and perbromates. (Palmitic 



acid.) 



9. Combination of 2 and 4. (Many organic substances.) 



10. Combination of 3 and 4. (Many organic substances.) 



11. Oxidation with H2O0 and hsemoglobin or vegetable oxidases. (Pyrogallol, 



gallic acid, lophin, esculin. ) 



12. Oxidation with HA and MnO„ Fe2Fe(CN)6 Mn(OH), + Mn(0H)3 



AgzO, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide. (Pyrogallol.) 



13. Oxidation with HjOo and ferrocyanides, chromates, bichromates, per- 



manganates, Fe salts, and Cr salts. (Pyrogallol, esculin.) 



14. Oxidation with HA and collodial Ag. Pt. Pd. Au. (Pyrogallol.) 



The spectrum of chemiluminescent reactions has been 

 described in a few instances as continuous but no definite 

 measurements of its extent have been made. Radziszew- 



