KAPLAN, WELKER, and KRAUS: EFFECTS OF DREDGING 



Table 1. — Dimensions of known dredging operations in Goose Creek. 



means of transects across the zone. In addition, 

 a number of intertidal stations were set up, and 

 a "characterization" survey was embarked on 

 which sampled the intertidal area 2 m from shore 

 and the sublittoral 6 m from shore every 30 m 

 around the periphery of the bay. Using data from 

 the preliminary surveys, sampling stations were 

 established as representative of major substratum 

 categories in Goose Creek. The advantages of 

 placing greater sampling emphasis on certain 

 areas rather than randomly sampling or using 

 established as representative of major substratum 

 (1967), Stickney and Stringer (1957), and Lee 

 (1944). 



Figure 3 indicates the positions of the stations 

 in Goose Creek. 



Each station was sampled with a "suction- 

 corer" (Kaplan, Welker, and Kraus, In press-a) 

 once a month for 9 mo preceding dredging and 11 

 mo after dredging terminated. A small shallow- 

 draft vessel was propelled to the stations by an 

 outboard motor. Locations were fixed by tri- 

 angulation. 



Once the vessel was located over a station, 

 "spuds" consisting of 7.62 cm OD galvanized pipes 

 were lowered fore and aft to keep the barge from 

 swinging with current or wind. The sampler 

 consisted of a chamber 36 cm in diameter by 30 

 cm high from which extended a hydraulic hose 

 leading to a 3 hp pump on the deck of the barge. 

 The corer was then lowered through a hole in 

 the center of the deck until it reached the bottom. 

 The pump was started and the water was with- 

 drawn from the coring chamber. The evacuated 



chamber had negative pressure relative to the 

 water column above it; this pushed it into the 

 bottom. In practice depth of penetration varied, 

 but a sample was not considered adequate 

 unless the chamber had penetrated to a mini- 

 mum depth of 20 cm. After maximum penetra- 

 tion the chamber was inverted by means of a 

 winch and the sample was hauled to the deck 

 where it was emptied onto a 60 cm x 90 cm 

 sieve of 1 .4 mm mesh size and washed. The screen- 

 ings were placed in gallon bottles and formalde- 

 hyde was added to a concentration of 10%. 



GOOSE CREEKN.y. 



Figure 3. — Location of stations, Goose Creek. Letters in 

 circles represent channel stations; letters in squares repre- 

 sent intertidal stations; letters in triangles represent spoil 

 areas. Shaded extension of channel represents 1968 dredging. 



449 



