FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 72. NO. 2 



solutions of sample used in such cases in order to 

 keep the DDT residue recordings on scale. 



SUMMARY 



1. Between 1949 and 1970, total DDT increased 

 in the ocean off southern California. The major 

 source of this insecticide apparently was wastes 

 discharged into the Los Angeles County sewer 

 system by a major manufacturer of DDT. 



2. As measured in the myctophid fish, Steno- 

 hrachius leucopsarus, p,p'DDT andp,p'DDD in- 

 creased for several years until metabolism, excre- 

 tion, and dispersion equalled input, at which point 

 the content of these CHC stabilized in the fish. 



3. The more persistent, less easily metabolized 

 p,p'DDE continued to increase in S. leucopsarus 

 throughout the time period under study. The 

 amount ofp,p'DDE decreased with distance from 

 the sewer outfall. 



4. During the earlier years the abundance of the 

 other analogs in decreasing order wasp.p'DDT, 

 p,p'DDE, andp,p'DDD. During the later period 

 through 1970, the more persistent p,p' DDE be- 

 came more abundant than p,p 'DDT. Following 

 cessation of dumping, in 1970,p,p'DDD became 

 more abundant than p,p DDT in the myctophids 

 and most of the other fish species tested. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



I am especially indebted to E. H. Ahlstrom for 

 sacrificing part of his collection of the myctophid 

 fish, S. leucopsarus, for the present study. Shirley 

 Imsand donated the five myctophids taken in 1972 

 on the University of Southern California MV Vel- 

 ero IV. Carol Talkington assisted in some of the 

 analyses. I am indebted also to R. Lasker for his 

 invaluable criticism and guidance in the prepara- 

 tion of the paper and to V. McClure and W. Rommel 

 for technical advice and assistance. This work was 

 supported in part by NOAA, Office of Sea Grant, 

 under grant #UCSD 2-35208 with the Institute of 

 Marine Resources, University of California. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Brydon, H. W. 



1955. The 1954 control treatment of the Clear Lake gnat 

 Chaoborus astictopus D. & S., in Clear Lake, California. 

 Proc. Pap., 23d Annu. Conf Calif Mosq. Control Assoc, p. 

 108-110. 

 Burnett, R. 



1971. DDT residues: Distribution of concentrations in 



Emerita analoga (Stimpson) along coastal 

 California. Science (Wash., D.C.) 174:606-608. 

 Butler, P. A. 



1969. Pesticides in the sea. In F. E. Firth (editor). The 

 encyclopedia of marine resources, p. 513-516. Van Nos- 

 trand Reinhold Company, N.Y. 



Carry, C. W., and J. A. Redner. 



1970. Pesticides and heavy metals. Progress Report, 

 County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, 51 p. 



Duke, T. W., and A. J. Wilson, Jr. 



1971. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in livers of fishes from the 

 Northeastern Pacific Ocean. Pestic. Monit. J. 5:228-232. 



Hunt, E. G., and A. I. Bischoff. 



1960. Inimical effects on wildlife of periodic DDT applica- 

 tions to Clear Lake. Calif. Fish Game 46:91-106. 

 Jehl, J. R., Jr. 



1970. Is thirty million years long enough? Pac. Discovery 

 23(l):16-23. 

 Keith, J. O., and E. G. Hunt. 



1966. Levels of insecticide residues in fish and wildlife in 

 California. Trans. 31st North Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. 

 Conf., p. 150-177. 



Keith, J. O., L. A. Woods, Jr., and E. G. Hunt. 



1970. Reproductive failure in brown pelicans on the Pacific 

 coast. Trans. 35th North Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf., 

 p. 56-63. 



KlIGEMAGI, U., AND L. C. TerRIERE. 



1972. Persistence of DDT in orchard soils. Bull. Environ. 

 Contam. Toxicol. 7:348-352. 



KuHR, R. J., A. C. Davis, and E. F. Taschenberg. 



1972. DDT residues in a vineyard soil after 24 years of 

 exposure. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 8:329-333. 

 Lamont, T. G., G. E. Bagley, and W. L. Reichel. 



1970. Residues of o,p'-DDD and o,p'-DDT in brown pelican 

 eggs and mallard ducks. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 

 5:231-236. 



Martin, W. E., and P. R. Nickerson. 



1972. Organochlorine residues in starlings — 1970. Pestic. 

 Monit. J. 6:33-40. 

 McClure, V. E. 



1972. Precisely deactivated adsorbents applied to the sep- 

 aration of chlorinated hydrocarbons. J. Chromatogr. 

 70:168-170. 

 Menzie, C. M. 



1969. Metabolism of pesticides. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., 

 Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. 127, 487 p. 

 Morgan, N. L. 



1967. The identification and relative retention times of 

 p,p'-Kelthane and its breakdown product 

 p,p'-Dichlorobenzophenone using GLC. Bull. Environ. 

 Contam. Toxicol. 2:306-313. 



Murphy, G. I., and H. P. Chandler, 



1948. The effects of TDE on fish and on the plankton and 

 literal fauna in lower Blue Lake, Lake County, 

 California. Calif. Fish Game, Inland Fish. Admin. Rep. 

 48. 

 O'Brien, R. D. 



1967. Insecticides. Action and metabolism. Academic 

 Press, N.Y., 332 p. 

 Phillips, J.B. 



1964. Life history studies on ten species of rockfish (genus 

 Sebastodes). Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Fish Bull. 126, 70 p. 

 Redner, J. A., and K. Payne. 



1971. Chlorinated hydrocarbons. Progress Report, County 



292 



