FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 72, NO. 4 



larger the intermittent swimming rate de- 

 creases and the nondimensional amplitude and 

 wave functions decrease also. This accounts for 

 the large locomotion energy computed for lar- 

 vae greater than 1.4-cm in length. It is interest- 

 ing to note how behavioral factors, when un- 

 avoidably neglected in extending this curve, 

 become evident when compared with reasonable 

 estimates for total energy consumption. 



In view of the behavioral-mathematical fac- 

 tors influencing the shape of the theoretical 

 curve in the directions observed here and the 

 physiologic reasonableness of the metabolic 

 swimming efficiencies obtained when exact 

 wave parameters descriptive of the L = 1.4-cm 

 larva are used, it is reasonable to conclude that 

 the energies calculated from the model are the 

 best estimates of the swimming energetic re- 

 quirement per excursion of the larval anchovy, 

 excursion being regarded as a discrete, repro- 

 ducible behavioral entity, currently available. 



Therefore, the major results of this study are 

 1) the demonstration that modifications of exist- 

 ing methods of computing energy of translation 

 yield information on behavior when consider- 

 ation is given to differences in behavior, shape, 

 and flow scale, 2) that a good correlation exists 

 in terms of metabolic swimming efficiency ob- 

 tained between direct O2 measurements and 

 the model, 3) a confirmation of the high 

 efficiency of large amplitude, intermittent 

 swimming behavior, and 4) quantitative esti- 

 mates of swimming energy requirements de- 

 rived from this model may be used for other 

 larval anchovy research. 



Theoretical studies such as random walk 

 analyses and correlations with feeding behavior 

 and migration which are being studied cur- 

 rently could incorporate these data to provide a 

 comprehensive and quantitative picture of lar- 

 val anchovy energetics and behavior. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



I thank Reuben Lasker of the Southwest 

 Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries 

 Service, NOAA, for proposing this study, donation 

 of facilities, critical reading of the manuscript, 

 and kind and constant encouragement throughout 

 its execution. I would also like to thank John 

 Hunter, Southwest Fisheries Center, National 

 Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, for numerous 

 helpful discussions on aspects of larval behavior 



and loan of larval anchovy feeding films. Appreci- 

 ation is also expressed to the staff of the National 

 Marine Fisheries Service computer facility for 

 their assistance in this project. This work was 

 supported by NOAA, Office of Sea Grant, Depart- 

 ment of Commerce, under grant #UCSD 

 04-3-158-22. 



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